A parent calls the pediatric clinic to report that her child has a bloody nose. The nurse should give the parent which of the following instructions to stop the bleeding?
Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min.
Apply ice at the base of the nose for 5 min and then check for bleeding.
Place the child in a sitting position with her head tilted back.
Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her back.
The Correct Answer is A
A. The child should sit upright with the head tilted forward to prevent blood from flowing down the throat, which could cause choking or aspiration. Applying pressure on the nostrils for 10 minutes is an effective method for stopping most nosebleeds.
B. While ice may help constrict blood vessels, it is not the primary intervention for a nosebleed. Holding pressure is more effective.
C. Tilting the head back can cause blood to flow into the throat and potentially lead to choking or vomiting.
D. Lying the child supine increases the risk of blood flowing into the throat and airway, making it unsafe.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Elevating the head of the bed may be useful after airway management but is not the priority in anaphylaxis.
B. Administering IM epinephrine is the priority action in anaphylaxis, as it works rapidly to reverse the symptoms by constricting blood vessels, relaxing smooth muscles, and improving breathing.
C. Determining the allergen is important for future prevention, but the immediate priority is treating the reaction.
D. While establishing IV access is important for fluid resuscitation, it is not the priority over administering epinephrine in anaphylaxis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Tetralogy of Fallot involves decreased pulmonary blood flow due to a combination of defects, including pulmonary stenosis.
B. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) causes increased pulmonary blood flow due to the abnormal persistence of the ductus arteriosus, leading to a left-to-right shunt and increased blood flow to the lungs.
C. Coarctation of the aorta causes obstructed blood flow, not increased pulmonary blood flow.
D. Tricuspid atresia results in decreased pulmonary blood flow as well due to the lack of a functional tricuspid valve.
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