A parent calls the pediatric clinic to report that her child has a bloody nose. The nurse should give the parent which of the following instructions to stop the bleeding?

Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min.

Apply ice at the base of the nose for 5 min and then check for bleeding.

Place the child in a sitting position with her head tilted back.

Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her back.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The child should sit upright with the head tilted forward to prevent blood from flowing down the throat, which could cause choking or aspiration. Applying pressure on the nostrils for 10 minutes is an effective method for stopping most nosebleeds.

B. While ice may help constrict blood vessels, it is not the primary intervention for a nosebleed. Holding pressure is more effective.

C. Tilting the head back can cause blood to flow into the throat and potentially lead to choking or vomiting.

D. Lying the child supine increases the risk of blood flowing into the throat and airway, making it unsafe.

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Sickled cells are rigid, not flexible, making it harder for them to pass through small vessels.

B. Sickled red blood cells are crescent or "c" shaped and have an increased tendency to clump together, which obstructs blood flow.

C. Sickled cells have a short lifespan, so they do not circulate longer than healthy cells.

D. Sickled cells are rigid, making it difficult for them to pass through small blood vessels, leading to blockages and reduced oxygen delivery.

E. Sickled red blood cells have a shorter lifespan (about 10-20 days compared to the normal 120 days), leading to anemia and a decreased number of circulating red blood cells.

A. Low-protein, low-potassium diet B. Low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet C. Regular diet, no added salt D. Low-sodium, fluid-restricted

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A low-protein, low-potassium diet is not indicated for acute glomerulonephritis; protein restriction is generally considered for chronic renal failure.

B. Low-carbohydrate and low-protein diets are not indicated for this condition.

C. A regular diet with no added salt is inappropriate due to the child’s edema and need for sodium and fluid restrictions.

D. A low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet is appropriate for a child with acute glomerulonephritis to manage edema and prevent fluid overload.

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A parent calls the pediatric clinic to report that her child has a bloody nose. The nurse should give the parent which of the following instructions to stop the bleeding?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care to an infant newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The infant's parents ask the nurse to describe what sickled red blood cells are and how they affect blood flow. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The nurse should place the client on which of the following diets?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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