A nurse is assisting with a prenatal class and a learner asks the nurse to explain what happens during a prolapsed umbilical cord.
Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
An occult cord prolapse occurs when the umbilical cord is hidden within the vagina.
An occult prolapsed cord occurs when the umbilical cord is wrapped around the fetal neck.
A compound prolapsed cord occurs when the cord is felt through the cervix inside the intact amniotic sac.
An overt prolapsed cord occurs when the umbilical cord comes through the cervix ahead of the presenting part.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
An occult cord prolapse occurs when the umbilical cord is hidden but not necessarily within the vagina. It is often compressed alongside the fetus, causing a risk for decreased oxygenation.
Choice B rationale
An occult prolapsed cord is not characterized by being wrapped around the fetal neck; that condition is known as a nuchal cord.
Choice C rationale
A compound prolapsed cord does not involve the cord being felt through the cervix inside an intact amniotic sac. Instead, it involves the cord alongside the fetal presenting part.
Choice D rationale
An overt prolapsed cord occurs when the umbilical cord comes through the cervix ahead of the presenting part, posing significant risk due to potential cord compression and interruption of blood flow to the fetus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Heavy lochia alba is an incorrect choice as lochia alba typically occurs after 10 days postpartum and is characterized by a whitish or yellowish discharge, not red.
Choice B rationale
Heavy lochia rubra is an incorrect choice because lochia rubra is characterized by bright red bleeding but heavy lochia would involve saturation of the pad within an hour, which is not the case here.
Choice C rationale
Moderate lochia serosa is incorrect because lochia serosa is typically pink or brown and occurs from approximately day 4 to day 10 postpartum, not red.
Choice D rationale
Scant lochia rubra is correct as the client is 3 days postpartum with red lochia measuring 2 cm on the pad, which indicates a small amount of bleeding consistent with scant lochia rubra.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Painless, bright red vaginal bleeding at 36 weeks gestation is a classic sign of placenta previa, where the placenta is abnormally implanted in the lower uterine segment, covering the cervix, and causing bleeding without pain.
Choice B rationale
Threatened abortion is characterized by vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks of gestation with or without abdominal pain. At 36 weeks, the term would be inappropriate, and the symptoms do not match.
Choice C rationale
Abruptio placentae involves painful vaginal bleeding due to premature placental separation. The presence of pain differentiates it from placenta previa.
Choice D rationale
Preterm labor may present with contractions, cervical changes, and possible bleeding, but the key feature distinguishing it from placenta previa is the presence of uterine contractions and pain, which are absent in this scenario.
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