A nurse is assisting with teaching a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for a low sodium diet. Which of the following educational methods uses the cognitive domain of learning? (Select All that Apply)

Review strategies to reduce sodium intake.

Ask the client how they are feeling about starting a low sodium diet

Observe the client choose low sodium foods.

Discuss the physiology of hypertension with the client.

Encourage the client to share their thoughts in a support group.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

A. Review strategies to reduce sodium intake:

This educational method involves providing information and teaching the client specific strategies to reduce sodium intake, such as reading food labels, avoiding high-sodium processed foods, and choosing fresh fruits and vegetables. It engages the cognitive domain of learning as it focuses on acquiring knowledge and understanding of the topic.
B. Ask the client how they are feeling about starting a low sodium diet:

This educational method involves exploring the client's feelings and emotions regarding the low sodium diet. It primarily engages the affective domain of learning, which focuses on attitudes, beliefs, and feelings.
C. Observe the client choose low sodium foods:

This educational method involves observing the client's behavior and actions. It primarily engages the psychomotor domain of learning, which focuses on physical skills and actions.
D. Discuss the physiology of hypertension with the client:

This educational method involves explaining the underlying physiology of hypertension, including factors such as sodium intake, blood pressure regulation, and cardiovascular health. It engages the cognitive domain of learning as it focuses on acquiring knowledge and understanding of the physiological processes involved in hypertension.
E. Encourage the client to share their thoughts in a support group:

This educational method involves providing opportunities for the client to share their thoughts and experiences with others in a support group setting. It primarily engages the affective domain of learning, which focuses on attitudes, beliefs, and feelings.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Mannitol:
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that works by increasing the osmotic pressure in the glomerular filtrate, leading to increased urine output. It is not associated with causing hyperkalemia.

B) Spironolactone:
This is the correct choice. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone in the distal tubules of the kidneys, leading to decreased sodium reabsorption and increased potassium retention.

C) Hydrochlorothiazide:
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that promotes the excretion of sodium and water and can lead to potassium depletion (hypokalemia) rather than hyperkalemia.

D) Furosemide:
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. It can lead to potassium depletion (hypokalemia) rather than hyperkalemia.

A. Positive Kernig's sign B. Dull, aching calf pain C. Soft, pliable calf muscle D. Positive Homan's sign

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A. Positive Kernig's sign:

Positive Kernig's sign is associated with meningitis, not thrombosis. It is a clinical sign where pain is elicited when the hip is flexed at a 90-degree angle and then the knee is extended. This sign is not relevant for identifying a thrombus.

B. Dull, aching calf pain:

Dull, aching calf pain is a common symptom of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Pain, swelling, and tenderness in the calf are typical manifestations of a thrombus in the leg veins. This symptom should alert the nurse to the possibility of a thrombus.

C. Soft, pliable calf muscle:

A soft, pliable calf muscle is not indicative of a thrombus. In the case of DVT, the affected leg is usually swollen, firm, and tender. Thus, this manifestation does not suggest the presence of a thrombus.

D. Positive Homan's sign:

Positive Homan's sign is identified when there is pain in the calf upon dorsiflexion of the foot. This sign can be indicative of DVT. Although not highly specific or sensitive, it is one of the traditional signs used to assess for the presence of a thrombus in the leg.

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A nurse is assisting with teaching a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for a low sodium diet. Which of the following educational methods uses the cognitive domain of learning? (Select All that Apply)

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

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