A nurse is assisting with the care of a postoperative client following a total knee replacement. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe to prevent the formulation of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

Warfarin

Alteplase (PA)

Clopidogrel

Enoxaparin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Warfarin. Warfarin (Coumadin) is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots, but it typically requires several days to achieve a therapeutic effect and needs close monitoring of INR (International Normalized Ratio) levels. While it can be used for long-term prevention of DVT, it's not the immediate choice for post-operative prophylaxis.

B. Alteplase (tPA). Alteplase is a thrombolytic agent, used to break down existing clots, not prevent their formation. It is typically used in emergency situations, such as for treating ischemic stroke.

C. Clopidogrel. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent, often used to prevent arterial clots, not DVTs. It is more commonly used in conditions like stroke and heart disease.

D. Enoxaparin. Enoxaparin, a low molecular weight heparin, is commonly used to prevent DVT after surgery by inhibiting specific clotting factors. It’s frequently prescribed for DVT prevention in orthopedic surgery patients.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Consume small frequent meals throughout the day. Small, frequent meals reduce the volume of food entering the small intestine at one time, helping to prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome.

B. Lie down immediately after eating to aid digestion. Although lying down after eating can slow gastric emptying and help prevent dumping syndrome, it does not aid in digestion.

C. Include high-carbohydrate foods in every meal. High-carbohydrate foods are likely to worsen symptoms of dumping syndrome by causing rapid glucose absorption, which leads to a spike in insulin and subsequent hypoglycemia.

D. Drink fluids with meals to aid in digestion. Fluids should be taken between meals rather than with meals to avoid rapid gastric emptying and prevent dumping syndrome.

A. Encourage the client to walk on the injured ankle to promote circulation. B. Immerse the ankle in want water immediately after the in C. Apply ice to the affected ankle for the first 24-72 hours. D. Perform deep tissue massage on the injured area to reduce pain.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Encourage the client to walk on the injured ankle to promote circulation. Weight-bearing activities should be avoided initially after a Grade II sprain to prevent further injury.

B. Immerse the ankle in warm water immediately after the injury. Ice, rather than warmth, is recommended immediately following an injury to reduce swelling and inflammation.

C. Apply ice to the affected ankle for the first 24-72 hours. Applying ice for 24-72 hours helps reduce swelling and pain by causing vasoconstriction and controlling inflammation in the acute phase.

D. Perform deep tissue massage on the injured area to reduce pain. Massaging a newly sprained ankle can aggravate inflammation and cause additional tissue damage.

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A nurse is assisting with the care of a postoperative client following a total knee replacement. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe to prevent the formulation of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A. Consume small frequent meals throughout the day. Small, frequent meals reduce the volume of food entering the small intestine at one time, helping to prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client presents the emergency department with a Grade II ankle sprain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A. Consume small frequent meals throughout the day. Small, frequent meals reduce the volume of food entering the small intestine at one time, helping to prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome.