A patient is recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following complications should the nurse be most concerned about if the patient reports new-onset shortness of breath and irregular heartbeats?

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Hypertension

Heart Failure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). PAD is a chronic condition related to reduced blood flow in peripheral arteries. It is not directly associated with MI complications.

B. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). GERD involves acid reflux and is not related to post-MI complications.

C. Hypertension. While hypertension is a risk factor for MI, it does not directly explain the symptoms of shortness of breath and irregular heartbeats following an MI.

D. Heart Failure. Heart failure is a common post-MI complication, especially if a significant portion of heart muscle is damaged. Symptoms of shortness of breath and irregular heartbeats could indicate left-sided heart failure, where fluid backs up into the lungs, or right-sided failure, which can lead to systemic congestion.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. I need to monitor the puncture site for signs of infection such as redness or swelling. Monitoring the puncture site is crucial for detecting any signs of infection or complications, which the patient should be aware of.

B. I should follow a heart-healthy diet to support my recovery. A heart-healthy diet is recommended to manage cholesterol levels and prevent further coronary artery disease progression.

C. I will take my prescribed medications as directed by my doctor. Following the medication regimen is important for preventing complications and supporting recovery, especially for blood thinners or other cardiac medications.

D. I can resume my regular physical activities immediately after I get home. This statement indicates a need for further teaching, as patients should gradually resume physical activities and avoid strenuous activities immediately after PTCA to prevent complications, such as bleeding at the catheter insertion site.

A. Lie down immediately after eating to aid digestion. Although lying down after eating can slow gastric emptying and help prevent dumping syndrome, it does not aid in digestion. B. Include high-carbohydrate foods in every meal. High-carbohydrate foods are likely to worsen symptoms of dumping syndrome by causing rapid glucose absorption, which leads to a spike in insulin and subsequent hypoglycemia. C. Drink fluids with meals to aid in digestion. Fluids should be taken between meals rather than with meals to avoid rapid gastric emptying and prevent dumping syndrome.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Consume small frequent meals throughout the day. Small, frequent meals reduce the volume of food entering the small intestine at one time, helping to prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome.

B. Lie down immediately after eating to aid digestion. Although lying down after eating can slow gastric emptying and help prevent dumping syndrome, it does not aid in digestion.

C. Include high-carbohydrate foods in every meal. High-carbohydrate foods are likely to worsen symptoms of dumping syndrome by causing rapid glucose absorption, which leads to a spike in insulin and subsequent hypoglycemia.

D. Drink fluids with meals to aid in digestion. Fluids should be taken between meals rather than with meals to avoid rapid gastric emptying and prevent dumping syndrome.

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A patient is recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following complications should the nurse be most concerned about if the patient reports new-onset shortness of breath and irregular heartbeats?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient who recently underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is being discharged. Which of the following statements made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Consume small frequent meals throughout the day. Small, frequent meals reduce the volume of food entering the small intestine at one time, helping to prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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