A nurse is assisting with the care of an 18-year-old client who is at their provider's office for an annual physical. The client inquires about cancer examinations that they should have. Which of the following examinations should the nurse recommend?
Testicular
Skin
Prostate
Colorectal
The Correct Answer is A
A. Testicular: Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in males aged 15–35, and regular self-examinations are recommended.
B. Skin: Routine skin examinations may be important but are less specific for this age group.
C. Prostate: Prostate cancer screenings typically start at age 50 or earlier for high-risk individuals.
D. Colorectal: Colorectal cancer screenings are recommended starting at age 45 unless there is a family history or risk factors.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Cervical cancer screenings should begin at age 40.": Screenings start at age 21, not 40.
B. "Plan to continue cervical cancer screenings for the rest of your life.": Screenings can stop after age 65 if the client has had adequate prior screening and no high-risk factors.
C. "You should get a Papanicolaou (Pap) test and human papillomavirus test every 5 years.": Current guidelines recommend Pap and HPV co-testing every 5 years for women aged 30–65.
D. "If you are immunized against human papillomavirus, you don't need cervical cancer screenings.": HPV vaccination reduces risk but does not eliminate the need for routine screening.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Empty the pouch when it is 1/3 to 1/2 full: This prevents the weight of the pouch from causing leaks or pulling on the stoma.
B. Use a standard enema set to irrigate the colostomy: This is incorrect as a standard enema set is not typically used. Colostomy irrigation requires specific equipment and is not performed routinely.
C. Cleanse the skin surrounding the stoma with moisturizing soap: Moisturizing soap can leave a residue that interferes with adhesive barriers. Mild, non-moisturizing soap or just water should be used.
D. Cut the opening in the skin barrier 1/4 inch larger than the stoma: The opening should fit closely to the stoma to protect the surrounding skin from irritation and leakage.
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