A nurse is assisting with the preparation of an educational program on physiological changes during labor. Which of the following smooth muscle adaptations should the nurse identify as being responsible for facilitating cervical dilation and promoting descent of the fetus into the client pelvis and vaginal canal?
Relaxation of the uterus smooth muscle
Constriction of cervical smooth muscle
Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle
Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle
The Correct Answer is A
A. Relaxation of the uterine smooth muscle occurs during labor and is key for allowing the cervix to dilate. Uterine contractions, which involve smooth muscle contractions, help facilitate cervical dilation and fetal descent into the birth canal.
B. Constriction of cervical smooth muscle would not facilitate dilation. In fact, cervical dilation is enabled by the relaxation of cervical smooth muscle in response to uterine contractions.
C. Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle helps accommodate the descending fetus, but the primary action for dilation is the uterine contractions and relaxation of the cervix.
D. Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle occurs during labor but does not directly impact the cervical dilation or fetal descent, as the primary muscular adaptation involved in labor is uterine contractions.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Estrogen plays a role in the development of the uterus and regulation of menstrual cycles, but it does not primarily reduce uterine contractions.
B. Testosterone is a male hormone and does not play a significant role in preventing uterine contractions during pregnancy.
C. Aldosterone helps regulate fluid balance and blood pressure, but it is not responsible for reducing uterine contractions during pregnancy.
D. Progesterone is the hormone primarily responsible for maintaining pregnancy by inhibiting uterine contractions, promoting uterine relaxation, and supporting the early stages of pregnancy. It plays a critical role in preventing spontaneous abortion, especially in early pregnancy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Offering to stay with the client may be supportive, but it does not directly address the client’s expressed feelings or concerns, which is the priority in therapeutic communication.
B. Telling the client that the exam is necessary for birth control may seem dismissive and does not validate or explore her anxiety.
C. Encouraging the client to share more about her concerns is an appropriate therapeutic response. It allows the nurse to understand the client’s feelings, provide reassurance, and educate her about the procedure.
D. Advising the client to relax may come across as minimizing her feelings and does not provide an opportunity for the client to express her anxiety.
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