A nurse is assisting with the preparation of an educational program on physiological changes during labor. Which of the following smooth muscle adaptations should the nurse identify as being responsible for facilitating cervical dilation and promoting descent of the fetus into the client pelvis and vaginal canal?
Relaxation of the uterus smooth muscle
Constriction of cervical smooth muscle
Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle
Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle
The Correct Answer is A
A. Relaxation of the uterine smooth muscle occurs during labor and is key for allowing the cervix to dilate. Uterine contractions, which involve smooth muscle contractions, help facilitate cervical dilation and fetal descent into the birth canal.
B. Constriction of cervical smooth muscle would not facilitate dilation. In fact, cervical dilation is enabled by the relaxation of cervical smooth muscle in response to uterine contractions.
C. Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle helps accommodate the descending fetus, but the primary action for dilation is the uterine contractions and relaxation of the cervix.
D. Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle occurs during labor but does not directly impact the cervical dilation or fetal descent, as the primary muscular adaptation involved in labor is uterine contractions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. This response dismisses the client's concern and is not accurate since a partner’s genetic condition can affect offspring depending on inheritance patterns.
B. Testing only one partner is not sufficient to assess the risk of passing on hereditary conditions since the genetic contribution of both parents matters.
C. Offering genetic testing to both partners is the correct response as it enables the identification of hereditary risks and provides information about the likelihood of passing on genetic disorders to their children. This approach is aligned with patient-centered care.
D. Genetic testing does not require a confirmed pregnancy. Preconception genetic counseling and testing are commonly offered to assess potential risks beforehand.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Deepening pigmentation, such as changes in the skin like melasma or linea nigra, is considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it is subjective and not specific to pregnancy alone.
B. Abdominal enlargement is a probable sign of pregnancy as it is more objective and can be caused by the growing uterus. However, it may also occur due to other conditions, such as tumors or fluid accumulation.
C. Ballottement, a sensation felt when the fetus rebounds after being pushed gently, is a probable sign of pregnancy due to its reliance on the presence of a fetus.
D. A positive pregnancy test result is a probable sign because it detects hCG levels, which are strongly associated with pregnancy but may also be elevated in other conditions.
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