A nurse is assisting with the preparation of an educational program on physiological changes during labor. Which of the following smooth muscle adaptations should the nurse identify as being responsible for facilitating cervical dilation and promoting descent of the fetus into the client pelvis and vaginal canal?
Relaxation of the uterus smooth muscle
Constriction of cervical smooth muscle
Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle
Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle
The Correct Answer is C
A. Relaxation of the uterine smooth muscle would decrease the force of contractions, which could slow labor rather than facilitate cervical dilation. Strong, coordinated uterine contractions are required to push the fetus downward.
B. Constriction of the cervical smooth muscle would prevent dilation, impeding the fetus’s passage through the birth canal. Cervical relaxation and thinning (effacement) are essential for labor progression.
C. Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle allows the cervix to dilate and the fetus to descend into the pelvis and vaginal canal. This adaptation accommodates the fetal head and body, promoting safe and effective labor.
D. Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle does not facilitate fetal descent; instead, relaxation of vaginal and perineal tissues is necessary to allow passage of the fetus. Vaginal tone increases resistance, so coordinated stretching is more important than contraction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Offering to stay with the client may be supportive, but it does not directly address the client’s expressed feelings or concerns, which is the priority in therapeutic communication.
B. Telling the client that the exam is necessary for birth control may seem dismissive and does not validate or explore her anxiety.
C. Encouraging the client to share more about her concerns is an appropriate therapeutic response. It allows the nurse to understand the client’s feelings, provide reassurance, and educate her about the procedure.
D. Advising the client to relax may come across as minimizing her feelings and does not provide an opportunity for the client to express her anxiety.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Drinking extra milk during pregnancy does not directly impact milk production. The body produces milk based on demand, not by consuming additional milk.
B. While formula supplementation may be necessary in some cases, it does not directly address the mother's ability to produce sufficient milk. It is important to focus on breastfeeding techniques and frequency to support milk production.
C. Breast size is not a determining factor for successful breastfeeding. Exercises will not increase breast size or enhance milk production significantly.
D. Milk production occurs in the mammary glands, specifically in the ducts and lobules, which are not dependent on breast size. Even women with smaller breasts can produce enough milk to exclusively breastfeed, as long as the demand and milk removal are properly managed.
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