A nurse is caring for a 1-month-old infant who has a palpable abdominal mass in the right upper quadrant and stools mixed with blood and mucus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following diagnoses is associated with these findings?
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Intussusception
Inguinal hernia
The Correct Answer is C
A. Tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital anomaly that affects the esophagus and is not associated with abdominal masses or blood and mucus in the stool.
B. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis typically causes projectile vomiting and failure to thrive, but it does not typically present with an abdominal mass or blood in the stool.
C. Intussusception occurs when part of the intestine telescopes into another part, causing a mass, abdominal pain, and sometimes blood and mucus in the stools, which is consistent with the signs described.
D. Inguinal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal contents into the groin area, not typically associated with abdominal masses in the upper quadrant or blood in the stool.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While strabismus may be treated with interventions such as patching, it is not always immediately concerning in newborns. The nurse should first provide accurate information about normal development.
B. Taking the baby to the nursery may not be necessary unless the child’s condition worsens or there is a
clear concern. A thorough assessment and explanation by the nurse are more appropriate.
C. Strabismus is common in newborns due to the immaturity of eye muscle control and usually resolves as the child develops. This is the most therapeutic response as it provides reassurance based on developmental norms.
D. Calling the primary care provider might be premature unless the nurse identifies a significant concern beyond normal development.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Trisomy 21, or Down syndrome, typically presents with features like intellectual disability, a flat facial profile, upward slanting eyes, and a small mouth. The elongated facial structure and ear protrusion are not characteristic of this condition.
B. Fragile X syndrome is associated with developmental delays, autistic behaviors, and distinct physical features such as a long face, large ears, and a prominent jaw. These characteristics are consistent with the child’s presentation.
C. Turner’s syndrome primarily affects females and is characterized by short stature, webbed neck, and gonadal dysgenesis, but it does not typically involve autistic behaviors or elongated facial features.
D. Williams syndrome involves a distinct set of features including a broad forehead, short nose, and full lips. It is not primarily associated with elongated facial features and ear protrusion.
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