A nurse is caring for a 26-year-old female client in the labor and delivery unit. The client is gravida 2, para 1, term 1, living 1, and is admitted with cervical dilation of 4 cm, 70% effacement, and -1 station. The pregnancy has been uncomplicated.

Exhibits:

Exhibits

The nurse reviews the client data. Drag the word choices to complete the sentence.
Abnormal FHR patterns can result in
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,
dropdown
, and
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.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"C","dropdown-group-3":"E"}

Acidemia: Acidemia refers to an abnormal acidity in the blood (pH < 7.35). Prolonged abnormal FHR patterns can indicate insufficient oxygen delivery to the fetus, leading to anaerobic metabolism and the production of lactic acid, causing acidemia. The normal fetal pH is around 7.30-7.35.

Hypoxemia: Hypoxemia is a reduced level of oxygen in the blood. Abnormal FHR patterns may signal that the fetus is not receiving adequate oxygen, potentially due to cord compression, placental insufficiency, or other factors affecting oxygen transfer. Normal oxygen saturation for a fetus is generally around 30-70%.

Hypoxia: Hypoxia is a condition where there is insufficient oxygen available to meet the metabolic needs of the fetus. Abnormal FHR patterns can indicate ongoing or impending hypoxia, which can lead to severe fetal distress and compromise. It is crucial to monitor and address such conditions promptly.

Rationale for Incorrect Answers:

Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia refers to low blood glucose levels (typically < 45 mg/dL in newborns). Abnormal FHR patterns are not directly associated with changes in glucose metabolism. Rather, hypoglycemia in neonates is often related to maternal diabetes, prematurity, or other metabolic disturbances.

Meconium Stool: Meconium-stained amniotic fluid is a possible indicator of fetal distress but is not a direct result of abnormal FHR patterns. Meconium passage may be associated with post-term pregnancy, fetal hypoxia, or other factors, but the direct consequences of abnormal FHR patterns are more specifically related to oxygenation and acid-base status.

Maternal Hypotension: Maternal hypotension, or low blood pressure (typically < 90/60 mm Hg), is a maternal condition that can affect fetal well-being if severe and prolonged. However, it is not a direct result of abnormal FHR patterns. Instead, maternal hypotension can contribute to abnormal FHR by impairing uteroplacental perfusion.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A heel stick blood glucose test is crucial for an infant showing jitteriness, hypotonicity, and weak cry as these symptoms suggest hypoglycemia which requires immediate confirmation and treatment.

Choice B rationale

Documenting findings is essential but does not address the immediate need to rule out and treat hypoglycemia in the symptomatic newborn.

Choice C rationale

Swaddling the infant provides comfort and warmth but does not address potential hypoglycemia, which is the priority in this case.

Choice D rationale

Placing a pulse oximeter monitors oxygenation but does not directly address the underlying cause of jitteriness and hypotonia, which could be hypoglycemia.

A. Acidemia. B. Hypoxia. C. Hypoglycemia. D. Meconium stool. E. Maternal hypotension.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Acidemia in the fetus can result from abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns. It is indicative of hypoxia and inadequate oxygenation, leading to anaerobic metabolism and accumulation of lactic acid in fetal tissues.

Choice B rationale

Hypoxia can occur due to abnormal FHR patterns. Hypoxia results from insufficient oxygen supply to the fetus, which can lead to metabolic acidosis, impaired organ function, and potential long-term developmental issues.

Choice C rationale

Hypoglycemia is not directly related to abnormal FHR patterns. It is primarily associated with metabolic disturbances such as inadequate glucose supply or insulin regulation in the neonate or fetus.

Choice D rationale

Meconium stool passage can result from fetal hypoxia due to abnormal FHR patterns. Hypoxia increases gastrointestinal peristalsis, leading to the release of meconium into the amniotic fluid, which poses a risk for aspiration.

Choice E rationale

Maternal hypotension can lead to abnormal FHR patterns. Hypotension reduces uteroplacental blood flow, leading to fetal hypoxia and compromised oxygen delivery to the fetus, which can result in fetal distress.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Assessment findings of a 4-hour-old newborn include murmur, irregular respiratory rate at 64 breaths/min, heart rate of 150 beats/min with soft murmur, jitteriness, hypotonic, and weak cry. Based on these findings, which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Abnormal FHR patterns can result in which condition?

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

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