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A nurse is caring for a 68-kg (150-lb) client who has dehydration. Which of the following manifestations is an indication of effective treatment?

 

A.

Urine specific gravity 1.005 to 1.030

B.

Decreased pulse pressure

C.

Lightheadedness

D.

Urine output 75 mL in 1 hr

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is D. Urine output 75 mL in 1 hr.

Adequate urine output (at least 30 mL/hr) indicates effective hydration, showing that the kidneys are functioning properly and fluid balance is improving. A urine output of 75 mL in 1 hour suggests sufficient fluid replacement.

Here’s why the other options are incorrect:

  • A. Urine specific gravity 1.005 to 1.030 – This range covers both normal and abnormal values. In dehydration, urine specific gravity is usually high (>1.030) due to concentrated urine. Effective treatment should lead to lower urine specific gravity, but the full range does not confirm improvement.

  • B. Decreased pulse pressure – Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Dehydration typically causes a narrowed pulse pressure, so improvement should lead to a normal or increased pulse pressure rather than a decrease.

  • C. Lightheadedness – Dizziness and lightheadedness are signs of dehydration-related hypotension. Effective hydration should resolve these symptoms, not maintain them.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Being a breast cancer survivor is not an absolute contraindication for kidney transplant. Patients with a history of malignancy should be successfully treated before proceeding with transplantation, and most candidates with a history of cancer are advised to wait a period of time between successful treatment and transplantation.

Choice B reason: Having a pacemaker is not a contraindication for kidney transplant. Patients with cardiac devices can undergo transplantation if their cardiac condition is stable and well-managed.

Choice C reason: Age alone, such as being 65 years of age, is not an absolute contraindication for kidney transplant. Many transplant centers perform successful kidney transplants in older adults, considering their overall health and potential benefits from the procedure.

Choice D reason: Active drug or alcohol addiction is considered a contraindication for kidney transplantation. Patients with addiction should be in an established recovery program and stable for a minimum of one year before being considered for transplant.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Diuretic use, especially thiazide diuretics, can lead to increased calcium in the urine, which is a risk

factor for the development of calcium stones.

Choice B reason: Hypocalcemia is not typically associated with an increased risk of urolithiasis. In fact, hypercalcemia can be a risk factor due to increased calcium excretion.

Choice C reason: A family history of kidney stones is a known risk factor for urolithiasis, as genetic factors can in?uence stone formation.

Choice D reason: A BMI less than 25 is generally not considered a risk factor for urolithiasis; higher BMI levels have been associated with an increased risk.

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