A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of acute kidney injury?

Hemoglobin 16 g/dL

BUN 15 mg/dL

Serum potassium 4.5 mEq/L

Serum creatinine 6 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: A hemoglobin level of 16 g/dL is within the normal range and does not indicate acute kidney injury.

Choice B reason: A BUN level of 15 mg/dL is also within the normal range and does not suggest acute kidney injury.

Choice C reason: A serum potassium level of 4.5 mEq/L is within the normal range and is not indicative of acute kidney injury.

Choice D reason: A serum creatinine level of 6 mg/dL is significantly elevated and indicates impaired kidney function, which is a hallmark of acute kidney injury.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Multiple sclerosis can affect the nerves that control the bladder and sphincter muscles, leading to urinary retention.

Choice B reason: Streptococcal infection is not typically associated with urinary retention unless it specifically affects the urinary tract, which is not common.

Choice C reason: Constipation can cause urinary retention by exerting pressure on the bladder or urethra, obstructing the flow of urine.

Choice D reason: Parkinson's disease can lead to urinary retention due to the impairment of nerve signals that

control the bladder.

Choice E reason: Pelvic organ prolapse can obstruct the urethra, leading to difficulty in emptying the bladder and resulting in urinary retention.

A. Eat at least 45 g of fiber per day. B. Consume less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day. C. Eat no more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. D. Consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates per day.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: While fiber is important in a diet, recommending at least 45 g per day does not specifically address the needs of a patient with diabetic nephropathy.

Choice B reason: Consuming less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day is recommended for patients with diabetic nephropathy to reduce the workload on the kidneys.

Choice C reason: Limiting cholesterol intake to 300 mg per day is a general recommendation for heart health but is not specific to diabetic nephropathy dietary management.

Choice D reason: The recommendation to consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates is not specific to diabetic nephropathy, and carbohydrate needs can vary based on individual energy requirements.

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of acute kidney injury?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a group of clients who have been diagnosed with urinary retention. Which of the following underlying conditions place these clients at risk for urinary retention? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and has a blood glucose level of 550 mg/dL. Which of the following should the nurse assess the client for if diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is suspected?

A nurse is discussing kidney transplant with a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this treatment?

A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client in the clinic who has a distended bladder with discomfort over the area and a sense of fullness. Which of the following tests should the nurse expect the health care provider to order to determine if the client has urinary retention? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis for kidney failure. Which additional condition in the client's medical history puts the client at increased risk for the development of peritonitis?

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is to perform peritoneal dialysis at home. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to diabetes mellitus?