A nurse is caring for a client receiving 0.9% NSS infusing at 150 mL/hr. Which statement(s) made by the client should alert the nurse to suspect fluid overload? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

"I think my ankles look less swollen today."

"I felt a little dizzy when I got out of bed this morning."

"I feel as if my heart is beating very fast.

"I am a little short of breath today."

The CNA told me that my blood pressure was 150 over 98 this morning."

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

C. Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) can be a sign of fluid overload, as the heart compensates for increased volume by beating faster to maintain cardiac output.

D. Shortness of breath (dyspnea) can indicate fluid overload, especially if it is new or worsening and associated with pulmonary congestion due to fluid accumulation.

E Elevated blood pressure can be a sign of fluid overload, as increased circulating volume can lead to hypertension.

A. This statement suggests a decrease in peripheral edema, which is a positive sign and does not typically indicate fluid overload. It may actually indicate improvement.

B. Dizziness can be a symptom of hypovolemia (low fluid volume) rather than fluid overload. It is not typically a specific sign of fluid overload.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. This is the most appropriate goal for a client experiencing diarrhea. Diarrhea is characterized by loose or watery stools, and the goal of treatment is to restore normal stool consistency. This goal focuses on improving the symptoms and resolving the underlying cause of diarrhea, whether it's due to infection, dietary factors, or other reasons.

A. "Defecating regularly" does not necessarily imply improvement in diarrhea symptoms or resolution of the underlying cause. It is vague and does not provide a clear target related to diarrhea management.

B. Increasing ingestion of fruits may be beneficial for some individuals as fruits contain fiber and fluids that can help regulate bowel movements and maintain hydration. However, certain fruits high in fiber (e.g., apples, pears) may exacerbate diarrhea in some cases. This goal should be tailored based on the individual's tolerance and specific dietary needs.

C. This goal is not appropriate for managing diarrhea. Diarrhea leads to fluid loss and dehydration, so limiting fluid intake can worsen dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Adequate fluid intake is crucial to replace lost fluids and maintain hydration during episodes of diarrhea.

A. Bronchovesicular B. Vesicular C. Bronchial D. Crackles

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Heard over most of the lung fields, except for the major bronchi and the trachea.

Low intensity and pitch, with a longer inspiratory phase than expiratory phase. They are softer and more breezy in quality. Vesicular breath sounds are heard over the peripheral lung fields, including the apex (top) of the lungs.

A. Heard over the major bronchi, which are near the sternum and between the scapulae. They are of intermediate intensity and pitch, with equal inspiration and expiration phases. They are typically heard in the 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces along the sternal border and between the scapulae.

C. Heard over the trachea and larynx.

Characteristics: High intensity and pitch, with a short inspiratory phase and a longer expiratory phase. They are louder and harsher in quality, resembling the sound of air blowing through a hollow pipe.

D. Crackles are abnormal breath sounds that can be fine or coarse.

Fine crackles are high-pitched, short, popping sounds heard during inspiration, often due to fluid in the small airways or alveoli.

Coarse crackles are loud, low-pitched, bubbling sounds heard during inspiration, typically due to the presence of secretions in the larger airways.

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A nurse is caring for a client receiving 0.9% NSS infusing at 150 mL/hr. Which statement(s) made by the client should alert the nurse to suspect fluid overload? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which goal is appropriate for a client who is experiencing diarrhea? The client will:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

When auscultating over the apex of the client's lung field, what breath sound should the nurse expect to hear?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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