A nurse is caring for a client that is diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.
Which of the following medication is a decongestant?

Albuterol.

Beclomethasone.

Diphenhydramine.

Phenylephrine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Albuterol is a bronchodilator used to relax muscles in the airways and increase airflow to the lungs. It is primarily used in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), not as a decongestant.

Choice B rationale

Beclomethasone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation in conditions such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. While it helps with symptoms, it is not classified as a decongestant.

Choice C rationale

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that alleviates allergy symptoms by blocking histamine action. It can relieve sneezing, itching, and runny nose but is not classified as a decongestant.

Choice D rationale

Phenylephrine is a decongestant that works by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages. This reduces swelling and congestion, making it effective for managing symptoms of allergic rhinitis. .

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Azithromycin can prolong the QT interval, leading to potential cardiac arrhythmias. Patients with a history of prolonged QT interval or other heart conditions should be monitored closely.

Choice B rationale

Constipation is not commonly associated with azithromycin use. Gastrointestinal side effects may include diarrhea or nausea but not constipation.

Choice C rationale

While tachycardia can be a side effect of some medications, azithromycin is more commonly associated with QT prolongation rather than causing increased heart rate directly.

Choice D rationale

Hyperkalemia is not typically a concern with azithromycin. Electrolyte imbalances are not a common side effect of this antibiotic.

A. This medication is bactericidal due to inhibition of an enzyme necessary for DNA replication. B. This medication accelerates bacterial growth. C. This medication is a diuretic that works on the distal tubule of the nephron. D. This medication is a beta-blocker that blocks beta-2 receptors, which results in a lower heart rate and blood pressure.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Ciprofloxacin is a bactericidal antibiotic that works by inhibiting DNA gyrase, an enzyme necessary for DNA replication in bacteria. This prevents bacterial cells from replicating and ultimately leads to their death.

Choice B rationale

Ciprofloxacin does not accelerate bacterial growth; instead, it inhibits growth by preventing DNA replication.

Choice C rationale

Ciprofloxacin is not a diuretic. Diuretics work on the kidneys to increase urine production, but ciprofloxacin targets bacterial DNA replication.

Choice D rationale

Ciprofloxacin is not a beta-blocker and does not lower heart rate or blood pressure. Beta-blockers work by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart.

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A nurse is caring for a client that is diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.Which of the following medication is a decongestant?

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A nurse is caring for a client that is diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.
Which of the following medication is a decongestant?