A nurse is caring for a client that is newly diagnosed with hypertension.Which of the following medications is a beta-adrenergic blocker that has a mechanism of action to decrease heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output, and is also used to treat hypertension?
Metoprolol.
Nitroglycerin.
Losartan.
Metformin.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Metoprolol is a beta-adrenergic blocker that works by decreasing heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output. It is commonly used to treat hypertension by reducing the workload on the heart and lowering blood pressure.
Choice B rationale
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that is used to treat angina by dilating blood vessels and improving blood flow to the heart. It does not have the same mechanism of action as beta-adrenergic blockers.
Choice C rationale
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that helps relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure. It does not directly decrease heart rate or myocardial contractility like beta-adrenergic blockers.
Choice D rationale
Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic agent used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing glucose production in the liver. It is not used to treat hypertension and does not have the same mechanism of action as beta-adrenergic blockers.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Dantrolene is used to treat malignant hyperthermia, a rare life-threatening condition usually triggered by certain anesthetics or muscle relaxants.
Choice B rationale
Although dantrolene is used to treat muscle spasticity, the indication in this question is specifically about malignant hyperthermia, making this choice not the most appropriate.
Choice C rationale
Dantrolene is not typically used for general pain management. Its primary use is in malignant hyperthermia and severe spasticity.
Choice D rationale
While reducing muscle stiffness can be a result of its spasticity treatment, malignant hyperthermia is a more specific and critical use of dantrolene.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Ondansetron (Zofran) is an anti-emetic medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting by blocking serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and the gastrointestinal tract.
Choice B rationale
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is an analgesic and antipyretic medication used to relieve pain and reduce fever, but it is not an anti-emetic.
Choice C rationale
Prochlorperazine (Compazine) is an anti-psychotic and anti-emetic medication used to treat nausea and vomiting, as well as certain mental/mood disorders.
Choice D rationale
Morphine Sulfate is an opioid analgesic used to relieve moderate to severe pain but does not have anti-emetic properties.
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