A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive Trousseau's sign and bone pain. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse suspect to find with this client?
Hyperkalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Hyponatremia
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hyperkalemia: Hyperkalemia involves elevated potassium levels, which can cause muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, and other symptoms, but it is not associated with Trousseau's sign or bone pain.
B. Hypermagnesemia: Hypermagnesemia, an elevated magnesium level, typically causes symptoms such as muscle weakness and respiratory depression, but not Trousseau's sign or bone pain.
C. Hypocalcemia: Hypocalcemia, characterized by low calcium levels, is commonly associated with a positive Trousseau's sign (spasms induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff) and bone pain due to calcium's role in bone health and neuromuscular function.
D. Hyponatremia: Hyponatremia refers to low sodium levels, which can cause symptoms like confusion, seizures, and lethargy, but it is not related to Trousseau's sign or bone pain.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. ARDS is characterized by severe hypoxemia due to shunting, but it typically impairs oxygenation rather than carbon dioxide elimination. The primary issue is the inability to oxygenate blood, not the elimination of carbon dioxide.
B. In ARDS, pulmonary arterial pressure often increases due to pulmonary hypertension caused by widespread inflammation and hypoxemia, not decreased pressure. V/Q mismatch contributes to hypoxemia but does not directly cause decreased pulmonary arterial pressure.
C. While hypoxemia is a hallmark of ARDS, it is primarily due to shunting (where blood passes through unventilated areas of the lung) rather than dead space, which is more associated with conditions like pulmonary embolism.
D. ARDS involves decreased pulmonary compliance due to the stiffness of the lungs, which results from diffuse alveolar damage and the formation of hyaline membranes. This stiffness makes it difficult for the lungs to expand, leading to reduced oxygenation and severe hypoxemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bronchospasm occurs when there is inflammation, edema, and excess mucus: Bronchospasm in asthma is characterized by inflammation of the airways, edema of the airway walls, and increased mucus production, leading to constriction and obstruction of the airways.
B. Decreased mucus production contributes to airway constriction: In asthma, bronchospasm is associated with increased mucus production, not decreased. Excess mucus contributes to airway obstruction.
C. Inflammation is reduced due to airway diameter: Inflammation typically increases airway constriction rather than reducing it. The narrowed airway diameter is a result of inflammation, not a reduction in inflammation.
D. Airway obstruction occurs due to thinning mucus: Airway obstruction in asthma is due to thick, tenacious mucus, not thinning mucus. The mucus contributes to the blockage of the airways.
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