A nurse is caring for a client who has a viral infection. The client asks the nurse how nucleoside analogs work to treat viral infections. Which of the following statements by the nurse is correct?

“Nucleoside analogs bind to and inhibit viral reverse transcriptase enzyme that is essential for viral RNA synthesis.”

“Nucleoside analogs inhibit viral protease enzyme that is essential for viral protein maturation and assembly.”

“Nucleoside analogs inhibit viral DNA polymerase or reverse transcriptase enzymes that are essential for viral DNA or RNA synthesis.”

“Nucleoside analogs prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Nucleoside analogs are antiviral agents that resemble natural nucleosides and act by causing termination of the nascent DNA chain. They are used to treat various viral infections such as HIV, HBV, HCV, CMV, HSV and VZV.

Choice A is wrong because it describes the mechanism of action of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), which are another class of antiviral drugs that bind to and inhibit viral reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Choice B is wrong because it describes the mechanism of action of protease inhibitors (PIs), which are another class of antiviral drugs that inhibit viral protease enzyme that is essential for viral protein maturation and assembly.

Choice D is wrong because it describes the mechanism of action of fusion inhibitors (FIs), which are another class of antiviral drugs that prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Cyclosporine can interact with caspofungin and increase its plasma concentration and risk of liver toxicity.Cyclosporine is a drug used to prevent organ rejection or suppress the immune system.

Choice B is wrong because warfarin does not have a significant interaction with caspofungin.Warfarin is a blood thinner that prevents blood clots.

Choice C is wrong because metformin does not have a significant interaction with caspofungin.Metformin is a drug used to lower blood sugar levels in diabetes.

Choice D is wrong because digoxin does not have a significant interaction with caspofungin.Digoxin is a drug used to treat heart failure and irregular heartbeat.

Caspofungin is an antifungal drug that belongs to the echinocandin class.It works by inhibiting the synthesis of a component of the fungal cell wall called beta-glucan.

It is used to treat various fungal infections such as candidemia, esophageal candidiasis, invasive aspergillosis, and febrile neutropenia

A. “I should apply the cream twice a day for 2 weeks.” B. “I should wash my feet with soap and water before applying the cream.” C. “I should cover the affected area with a bandage after applying the cream.” D. “I should stop using the cream if I develop itching or burning."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This statement indicates that the client understands the proper use of terbinafine cream for tinea pedis, which is a fungal infection of the feet.Terbinafine cream is an antifungal agent that works by killing the fungus or preventing its growth.According to a study, terbinafine 1% cream applied once daily for 7 days is effective in treating interdigital tinea pedis, but some sources recommend applying it twice daily for 2 weeks.

Choice B is wrong because washing the feet with soap and water before applying the cream is not necessary and may cause irritation or dryness of the skin.

Choice C is wrong because covering the affected area with a bandage after applying the cream is not advised and may create a moist environment that favors fungal growth.

Choice D is wrong because itching or burning are common side effects of terbinafine cream and do not indicate an allergic reaction or a need to stop using the cream.However, if the symptoms are severe or persist, the client should contact their health care provider.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a viral infection. The client asks the nurse how nucleoside analogs work to treat viral infections. Which of the following statements by the nurse is correct?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who has a fungal infection and is prescribed caspofungin. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications can interact with caspofungin?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is educating a client who has tinea pedis about the use of terbinafine cream. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a fungal infection and is prescribed amphotericin. What adverse effects should the nurse monitor for in this client?

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a viral infection. Which of the following antiviral groups inhibits viral DNA polymerase or reverse transcriptase enzymes that are essential for viral DNA or RNA synthesis?

A nurse is administering albendazole to a client who has a tapeworm infection. The client asks how the drug works. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

A nurse is teaching a client who has a vaginal candidiasis infection about the use of miconazole cream. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is caring for a client who has a viral infection and is taking an antiviral medication that inhibits the integrase enzyme that is essential for viral DNA integration into host cell genome. Which of the following antiviral groups does this medication belong to?

A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who is prescribed atovaquone-proguanil for malaria prophylaxis. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as a potential interaction with atovaquone-proguanil?