A nurse is caring for a client who is coming to the clinic for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. The patient's enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results are positive. Which test will be used to confirm the diagnosis of HIV?

Quantitative RNA assay

Western blot analysis

Viral load test

CD4+ T-cell count

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. A quantitative RNA assay is used to measure the amount of HIV RNA in the blood and is not used for confirmatory diagnosis after a positive ELISA.

B. The Western blot analysis is the standard confirmatory test for HIV following a positive ELISA result, as it specifically detects the presence of antibodies to HIV proteins.

C. A viral load test assesses the level of virus in the blood but does not confirm the diagnosis of HIV.

D. The CD4+ T-cell count is used to assess immune function in individuals with HIV but is not a confirmatory test for the diagnosis of the virus.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increasing the consumption of protein-rich foods like baked salmon is beneficial for clients with AIDS, as they often require higher protein intake to support their immune system and overall health.

B. Eating raw fruits and vegetables can pose a risk for clients with compromised immune systems, as these foods may harbor pathogens that can lead to infections. This statement indicates a need for further education regarding safe food handling and preparation.

C. Washing plates and utensils with soap and hot water is a proper practice to maintain hygiene and prevent infections, especially for clients with weakened immune systems.

D. Asking a partner to clean the cat's litter box is a good precaution since cat litter can be a source of toxoplasmosis, which can be harmful to immunocompromised individuals.

A. "Decrease intake of foods high in fiber as this medication may cause loose stools." B. "Avoid consuming high in vitamin C within one hour of taking the medication." C. "Stools may become darker in color while taking this medication." D. "Take the medication on a full stomach for better absorption."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreasing intake of foods high in fiber is not necessary; in fact, fiber can help prevent constipation, a common side effect of iron supplements.

B. Vitamin C actually enhances the absorption of iron; thus, avoiding it is incorrect. Clients should be encouraged to consume vitamin C alongside their iron supplements to improve absorption.

C. Stools becoming darker in color is a common and expected side effect of ferrous sulfate due to the presence of unabsorbed iron. It is important for clients to know this to avoid unnecessary alarm.

D. Taking the medication on a full stomach may decrease absorption; it is generally recommended to take iron supplements on an empty stomach for optimal absorption unless gastrointestinal upset occurs.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is coming to the clinic for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. The patient's enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results are positive. Which test will be used to confirm the diagnosis of HIV?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Which client statement demonstrates a need for further education?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with iron deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which instruction by the nurse is most appropriate to include in the client's teaching plan?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. Which of the following can be anticipated will be a trigger for a sickle cell crisis?

A nurse is caring for a client who is on anti-retroviral therapy (ART), which includes indinavir sulfate (Crixivan), a protease inhibitor, for the treatment of HIV. Which client statement demonstrates that teaching was effective?

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A nurse is caring for a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which laboratory value should the nurse alert the provider of?

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A nurse is teaching a client with a history of ulcerative colitis and a new diagnosis of anemia. Which of the following symptoms from ulcerative colitis is a contributing factor to the development of anemia?

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