A nurse is caring for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse notes white lesions on the client's tongue. What opportunistic infection is this client experiencing?

Candidiasis

Xerostomia

Halitosis

Gingivitis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Candidiasis, commonly known as thrush, is characterized by white lesions on the tongue and is a common opportunistic infection in clients with AIDS due to their compromised immune system.

B. Xerostomia refers to dry mouth and does not cause white lesions; it can occur in various conditions but is not an opportunistic infection.

C. Halitosis is bad breath and does not correlate with white lesions on the tongue; it can result from various causes but is not an infection.

D. Gingivitis involves inflammation of the gums and may present with red, swollen gums but does not typically cause white lesions on the tongue.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Over-hydration is not a trigger for a sickle cell crisis; in fact, adequate hydration helps prevent sickling of the cells.

B. Dehydration is a significant trigger for sickle cell crises, as it can lead to increased blood viscosity and sickling of red blood cells.

C. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often used to manage pain associated with sickle cell crises, but they do not trigger a crisis.

D. Vaccinations are important for preventing infections in individuals with sickle cell anemia but are not associated with triggering a sickle cell crisis.

A. Hang a bag of 0.9% normal saline with 5% dextrose at the bedside (D5%NS) B. Verify the client's name and blood type with a second nurse C. Infuse the unit of blood within 4 hours. D. Obtain baseline vital signs prior to starting the transfusion E. Continuously monitor the client during the first 15 minutes of the transfusion F. Insert an 18-gauge intravenous catheter G. Insert a 22-gauge intravenous catheter

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Hanging a bag of 0.9% normal saline with 5% dextrose (D5%NS) is incorrect; only normal saline (0.9% NS) should be used to prime the blood transfusion line to avoid hemolysis.

B. Verifying the client's name and blood type with a second nurse is a critical safety measure to prevent transfusion reactions and ensure the correct blood product is given.

C. Infusing the unit of blood within 4 hours is essential to reduce the risk of bacterial growth in the blood product.

D. Obtaining baseline vital signs prior to starting the transfusion is important to assess the client's condition and monitor for any changes during the transfusion.

E. Continuously monitoring the client during the first 15 minutes of the transfusion is vital for detecting any signs of a transfusion reaction promptly.

F. Inserting an 18-gauge intravenous catheter is recommended for blood transfusions as it provides a sufficient lumen to accommodate the blood flow.

G. Inserting a 22-gauge intravenous catheter is acceptable for some transfusions, but an 18-gauge is preferred for larger blood products.

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A nurse is caring for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse notes white lesions on the client's tongue. What opportunistic infection is this client experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. Which of the following can be anticipated will be a trigger for a sickle cell crisis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which nursing interventions are appropriate for a nurse administering a blood transfusion? Select All That Apply

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client with HIV. Which laboratory test would be used to assess the effectiveness of therapy?

A nurse is caring for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse notes white lesions on the client's tongue. What opportunistic infection is this client experiencing?