A nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin and reports taking several new herbal supplements. The nurse should identify that which of the following supplements is contraindicated for concurrent use with warfarin?

Valerian

Probiotics

Ginkgo biloba

Coenzyme Q10

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Valerian is an herbal supplement commonly used for its sedative effects. It does not have a significant interaction with warfarin and is not contraindicated for concurrent use.
B. Probiotics are generally safe to use with warfarin and do not have a significant impact on its anticoagulant effects. They are not contraindicated for concurrent use.
C. Ginkgo biloba is known to increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin. It has antiplatelet effects that can enhance the anticoagulant effects of warfarin, leading to an increased risk of bleeding complications. Therefore, it is contraindicated for concurrent use with warfarin.
D. Coenzyme Q10 is structurally similar to vitamin K and can potentially reduce the effectiveness of warfarin. However, it is not as strongly contraindicated as ginkgo biloba, which has a more pronounced effect on bleeding risk.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Oxycodone promotes vasodilation of cranial arteries. This is not the primary mechanism by which oxycodone affects respiratory rate. Vasodilation of cranial arteries is not directly related to respiratory depression.
B. Oxycodone blocks the sodium channel suspending nerve conduction. This is not the primary mechanism of action for oxycodone. Oxycodone primarily acts on opioid receptors rather than sodium channels.
C. Oxycodone inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. This is not the primary mechanism of action for oxycodone. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis is more characteristic of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
D. Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. This is the correct explanation. Oxycodone, like other opioids, depresses the central nervous system, which can lead to respiratory depression by reducing the brainstem’s responsiveness to carbon dioxide levels in the blood.

A. Decrease in body temperature B. Increase in bowel function C. Increase in heart rate D. Decrease in respiratory rate

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Decrease in body temperature can occur with propofol, but it is not the most critical adverse effect to monitor immediately after administration. Hypothermia is a concern but less urgent compared to respiratory depression.
B. Increase in bowel function is not associated with propofol. Propofol does not typically affect bowel function.
C. Increase in heart rate can occur but is not a primary adverse effect of concern with propofol. Tachycardia may be monitored but is not as critical as respiratory effects.
D. Decrease in respiratory rate is a significant adverse effect of propofol. Propofol can cause respiratory depression, leading to hypoventilation or apnea. Monitoring respiratory rate and ensuring adequate ventilation is crucial after propofol administration.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin and reports taking several new herbal supplements. The nurse should identify that which of the following supplements is contraindicated for concurrent use with warfarin?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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