A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Encourage strict bed rest with tuning and repositioning every 2 hours.

Have the client dangle" their legs several times per day and when pain occurs,

Have the client elevate their legs above heart level when pain occurs

Have the client use ice packs to relieve lower extremity pain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) "Encourage strict bed rest with turning and repositioning every 2 hours":
. For clients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), strict bed rest is not recommended unless the client is in severe pain or experiencing complications like ulcers or gangrene. In PAD, exercise and mobility are essential for improving blood flow and reducing symptoms. Prolonged immobility could worsen circulation and lead to complications like muscle atrophy. Therefore, encouraging gentle movement and activity, like walking or repositioning, is typically more beneficial than prolonged bed rest.

B) "Have the client 'dangle' their legs several times per day and when pain occurs":
. For clients with PAD, dangling the legs can be helpful in alleviating pain and discomfort. When the client dangles their legs, gravity helps to increase blood flow to the lower extremities, which can provide temporary relief from symptoms like intermittent claudication (pain caused by insufficient blood flow). It is important to balance this with the advice to avoid elevating the legs, as elevating them above the heart level may decrease arterial perfusion, worsening symptoms.

C) "Have the client elevate their legs above heart level when pain occurs":
. Elevating the legs above the heart level in clients with PAD may worsen symptoms. In PAD, blood flow to the legs is already compromised, and elevating the legs above the heart can further reduce arterial blood flow to the lower extremities, increasing pain and discomfort. Instead, dangling the legs or lying flat with the legs at heart level is generally better for improving circulation.

D) "Have the client use ice packs to relieve lower extremity pain":
. Applying ice packs is not recommended for clients with PAD, as cold can cause vasoconstriction, further reducing blood flow to already compromised tissues. Cold therapy may increase pain and lead to tissue damage in individuals with reduced circulation. The nurse should instead focus on strategies that promote blood flow, such as encouraging gentle exercise, dangling the legs, or using warmth (in some cases) to improve circulation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Leave the room to pull the fire alarm: While pulling the fire alarm is an important step in alerting others to the fire, it is not the nurse's priority action when a fire is discovered in the client's bathroom. The immediate concern is the safety of the client. The nurse should prioritize getting the client out of harm’s way before any other actions.

B) Remove the client from their room and relocate to a safe space: This is the most appropriate first action. The nurse’s first responsibility is to ensure the client's safety. Removing the client from the immediate danger zone, which is the room with the fire, is the priority. This action helps prevent injury or death from smoke inhalation or burns. Once the client is safe, the nurse can then proceed to alert others and address the fire as needed.

C) Douse the client with a fire extinguisher, using a back-and-forth motion: This action is inappropriate because the client should never be doused with a fire extinguisher. The fire extinguisher is intended for controlling the fire, not for use on individuals. Additionally, extinguishing a fire should not take priority over ensuring the client's immediate safety by removing them from the room.

D) Close all the doors to the client's room: Closing doors can help contain the fire and prevent it from spreading, but it is not the first priority. The immediate action should focus on removing the client from the room to a safe space. After ensuring the client's safety, the nurse can then close the doors to help contain the fire while awaiting assistance.Top of FormBottom of Form

A. *Promptly change out of Wet clothing such as fitting suits after use B. "Buy synthetic underwear rather than cotton fabric C. "Be sure to empty your bladder every 6-8 hrs D. "Try to drink 500-1000 ml of fluid per day

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Promptly change out of wet clothing such as bathing suits after use":
This is a key recommendation for preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in women. Wet clothing, such as swimsuits or damp exercise clothes, creates a warm, moist environment that encourages bacterial growth, particularly in the genital and perineal areas. Changing out of wet clothing promptly helps reduce the risk of bacteria entering the urinary tract, which is an important preventive measure for recurrent UTIs.

B. "Buy synthetic underwear rather than cotton fabric":
This statement is incorrect. Cotton underwear is recommended because it is breathable and helps keep the genital area dry, reducing the likelihood of bacterial growth. Synthetic fabrics, on the other hand, trap moisture and heat, creating an environment where bacteria can thrive, increasing the risk of UTIs. Therefore, wearing cotton underwear is advised rather than synthetic fabric.

C. "Be sure to empty your bladder every 6-8 hours":
This recommendation is somewhat inaccurate. To prevent UTIs, it is essential to empty the bladder more frequently than every 6-8 hours, especially if the person feels the urge to urinate. Holding urine for long periods can increase the risk of bacterial growth in the urinary tract. It is generally recommended to urinate at least every 3-4 hours during the day to prevent urine stagnation and reduce the risk of infection.

D. "Try to drink 500-1000 ml of fluid per day":
This fluid intake recommendation is too low. To prevent UTIs, a higher fluid intake is necessary—typically 2-3 liters (2000-3000 mL) of fluid per day. Adequate hydration helps ensure frequent urination, which flushes out bacteria from the urinary tract. Consuming only 500-1000 mL of fluid per day is insufficient and would likely increase the risk of UTIs due to less frequent urination and less flushing of the urinary system.

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