A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with HIV. Prior to discharge, the nurse would anticipate the client verbalizing which of the following statements?

"If I develop a fever, I will tell my doctor at the next scheduled office appointment."

I will avoid hugging my family, so that I don't give them the virus."

"I can still have my favorite sushi occasionally as long as I wear a mask to the restaurant."

I will need to take the medications even when the virus is well-controlled."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) "If I develop a fever, I will tell my doctor at the next scheduled office appointment."
. Clients with HIV should not wait for their next scheduled appointment to report any signs of infection or complications. Fever, as well as other symptoms such as cough, fatigue, or skin rashes, may indicate a potential infection or opportunistic infection that requires immediate medical attention. Early intervention can prevent complications. Therefore, the nurse should emphasize the importance of reporting any symptoms of illness immediately to the healthcare provider.

B) "I will avoid hugging my family, so that I don't give them the virus."
. HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as hugging, shaking hands, or sharing meals. HIV is transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk, and through needle sharing or sexual contact. It is important for patients with HIV to understand that they can continue to engage in normal daily activities and maintain close relationships with family members and friends without the fear of spreading HIV through non-bodily fluid contact.

C) "I can still have my favorite sushi occasionally as long as I wear a mask to the restaurant."
. The need to wear a mask to prevent HIV transmission is a misconception. HIV is not transmitted through food, air, or casual social interactions. The concern regarding eating sushi comes from the risk of foodborne illness, particularly for individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV. Raw or undercooked food (like sushi) can expose individuals to bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections, which are more harmful to immunocompromised clients. Safe food handling practices and avoiding raw or undercooked foods are more important than wearing a mask.

D) "I will need to take the medications even when the virus is well-controlled."
. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential for people living with HIV, even when the virus is well-controlled and their viral load is undetectable. Stopping or interrupting ART can lead to drug resistance and a return of the virus. Consistent medication use is the key to preventing the progression of HIV, reducing viral transmission, and maintaining long-term health. The patient should be educated about the importance of taking ART as prescribed for life, even when feeling well, to keep the virus suppressed and prevent complications

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Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

Given:

Desired dose: Dextromethorphan 30 mg PO

Available concentration: Dextromethorphan oral liquid 75 mg/5 mL

To find:

Volume to administer (in mL)

Step 1: Set up the proportion

We can use the following proportion to solve the problem:

(Desired dose) / (Available concentration) = Volume to administer

Step 2: Substitute the values

Plugging in the given values, we get:

(30 mg) / (75 mg/5 mL) = Volume to administer

Step 3: Simplify

To simplify, we can invert the denominator and multiply:

(30 mg) x (5 mL / 75 mg) = Volume to administer

The "mg" units cancel out, leaving us with:

(30 x 5 mL) / 75 = Volume to administer

Step 4: Calculate

Performing the multiplication and division, we get:

150 mL / 75 = Volume to administer

2mL = Volume to administer

A. Obtaining a primary and secondary tubing set B. Ensuring another licensed personnel is available C. Obtaining 0.9% normal saline solution D. Checking ABO and Rh status of the donor and recipient

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Obtaining a primary and secondary tubing set:
The primary tubing is used for the intravenous access, and the secondary tubing is attached for administering the blood product. This ensures that the blood transfusion will be delivered effectively, and it is a standard practice to use proper IV tubing for blood products to avoid contamination or complications.

B) Ensuring another licensed personnel is available:
. While it is required that two licensed healthcare professionals verify the blood product before starting the transfusion, this action itself is not contraindicated, it is required. Both individuals should independently check the patient's identification, blood type, and the matching of the blood product before administration. Therefore, the answer to the question should not be about ensuring availability of licensed personnel as this is actually a required safety measure, not contraindicated. The actual contraindications involve actions like using inappropriate fluids for transfusion or mismatching blood.

C) Obtaining 0.9% normal saline solution:
This is appropriate and necessary when preparing for a blood transfusion. Normal saline (0.9%) is the only compatible solution that should be used to flush the IV line before and after the transfusion or to prime the blood tubing. Other solutions, such as lactated Ringer's, can cause clotting when mixed with blood, making saline the only appropriate choice.

D) Checking ABO and Rh status of the donor and recipient:
This is essential and mandatory before administering a blood transfusion. It is critical to ensure that the ABO blood group and Rh factor of the donor and recipient are compatible to prevent hemolytic reactions. This compatibility check must be done every time before administering a transfusion, and it is an integral part of ensuring patient safety.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with HIV. Prior to discharge, the nurse would anticipate the client verbalizing which of the following statements?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer dextromethorphan 30 mg PO. The amount available is dextromethorphan oral liquid 7.5 mg/5mL. How many should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero)

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

The nurse is preparing for a blood transfusion. Which of the following would be contraindicated to include in the prep for the procedure?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with HIV. Prior to discharge, the nurse would anticipate the client verbalizing which of the following statements?

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