A nurse is caring for a client with suspected tuberculosis (TB) who has provided sputum samples for testing. Which laboratory test is used to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples?
Complete blood count (CBC)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Tuberculin skin test (TST)
Gram stain
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. A complete blood count (CBC) may reveal abnormalities associated with TB, but it does not directly confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples.
B) Correct. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular test that can detect the genetic material of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples, providing a confirmatory diagnosis.
C) Incorrect. The tuberculin skin test (TST) is a screening test for TB infection, not a test for confirming active disease in sputum samples.
D) Incorrect. Gram stain is a laboratory technique used to visualize the characteristics of bacterial cells but is not specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. A CT scan does not directly confirm the presence of TB bacteria but provides detailed images of the chest.
B) Incorrect. A CT scan is not used as a primary screening tool for TB infection in the bloodstream.
C) Correct. Chest CT scans are valuable for assessing the extent of lung involvement, detecting complications such as cavities or pleural effusions, and guiding treatment decisions in TB cases.
D) Incorrect. CT scans are commonly used in the evaluation and management of TB, especially for assessing lung abnormalities.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Incorrect. While multiple medications may lead to symptom relief, the primary goal is to prevent drug resistance.
B) Incorrect. The duration of TB treatment is determined by the specific regimen and is not solely related to the number of medications.
C) Incorrect. Multiple medications in TB treatment may target different aspects of TB bacteria, but the primary purpose is to reduce the risk of drug resistance.
D) Correct. Using multiple medications in combination therapy makes it more difficult for TB bacteria to develop resistance to all drugs simultaneously, helping to prevent drug-resistant TB.
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