A nurse is caring for a group of clients diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). While teaching about ways to slow the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which of the following topics would be most important for the nurse to include?
Pain management
Blood glucose control
Fluid restriction
Blood pressure control
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: While pain management is important for comfort, it does not directly slow the progression of PKD to ESRD.
Choice B reason: Blood glucose control is important for overall health but is not the most critical factor in slowing the progression of PKD to ESRD.
Choice C reason: Fluid restriction is not typically necessary for PKD unless there is an associated condition that requires it.
Choice D reason: Blood pressure control is crucial in PKD as hypertension can accelerate the progression to ESRD.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Being a breast cancer survivor is not an absolute contraindication for kidney transplant. Patients with a history of malignancy should be successfully treated before proceeding with transplantation, and most candidates with a history of cancer are advised to wait a period of time between successful treatment and transplantation.
Choice B reason: Having a pacemaker is not a contraindication for kidney transplant. Patients with cardiac devices can undergo transplantation if their cardiac condition is stable and well-managed.
Choice C reason: Age alone, such as being 65 years of age, is not an absolute contraindication for kidney transplant. Many transplant centers perform successful kidney transplants in older adults, considering their overall health and potential benefits from the procedure.
Choice D reason: Active drug or alcohol addiction is considered a contraindication for kidney transplantation. Patients with addiction should be in an established recovery program and stable for a minimum of one year before being considered for transplant.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Iron deficiency is not typically associated with an increased risk of renal calculi. Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are generally composed of minerals such as calcium, oxalate, urate, cystine, xanthine, and phosphate.
Choice B reason: While protein in the urine, or proteinuria, may indicate kidney disease, it is not a direct risk factor for the formation of renal calculi. However, excessive dietary protein intake can increase the risk of stone formation.
Choice C reason: Dehydration is a significant risk factor for renal calculi. Insufficient fluid intake leads to concentrated urine, which can promote the crystallization and aggregation of stone-forming substances.
Choice D reason: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of renal calculi. Higher body mass index (BMI) can lead to changes in urine that promote the formation of stones.
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