A nurse is caring for a newborn who is receiving breast milk and supplemental vitamin D drops daily.

The nurse knows that vitamin D supplementation is necessary for breastfed infants because:

Breast milk does not contain enough vitamin D for bone health

Breast milk interferes with vitamin D absorption from sunlight

Breast milk increases vitamin D excretion in urine

Breast milk inhibits vitamin D synthesis in the liver

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Breast milk does not contain enough vitamin D for bone health. Vitamin D is needed to support healthy bone development and to prevent rickets, a condition that causes weak or deformed bones. Breast milk alone does not provide infants with an adequate amount of vitamin D. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans and American Academy of Pediatrics recommend breastfed and partially breastfed infants be supplemented with 400 IU per day of vitamin D beginning in the first few days of life.

Choice B is wrong because breast milk does not interfere with vitamin D absorption from sunlight. However, reducing sun exposure is important for preventing skin cancer, and other factors such as clothing, air pollution, and skin type can also decrease the amount of vitamin D a person can make from sunlight.

Choice C is wrong because breast milk does not increase vitamin D excretion in urine.

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is stored in the body and not easily lost in urine.

Choice D is wrong because breast milk does not inhibit vitamin D synthesis in the liver. Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin from exposure to sunlight, and then activated in the liver and kidneys to its active form.

Breast milk does not affect this process.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Hold the newborn in a semi-upright position during feeding.This prevents the formula from flowing back into the baby’s ears and causing infections.It also helps the baby swallow less air and reduces the risk of choking.

Choice A is wrong because warming the formula in a microwave oven can create hot spots that can burn the baby’s mouth.The formula should be warmed by running it under warm tap water or placing it in a bowl of warm water.

Choice B is wrong because discarding any unused formula after 2 hours at room temperature is too long.Bacteria can grow rapidly in warm milk that is left sitting out and unused.The formula should be discarded after one hour at room temperature or within 24 hours if refrigerated.

Choice D is wrong because burping the newborn after finishing each ounce of formula is not necessary.Burping can interrupt the feeding and make the baby lose interest in finishing the bottle.The baby should be burped only when they show signs of discomfort or after finishing the feeding.

Normal ranges for formula intake vary depending on the baby’s age, weight and appetite.In general, newborn babies need around 150 to 200 ml per kilo of their weight a day until they’re 6 months old.The baby should be fed when they show signs of hunger, such as rooting, sucking or crying, and not forced to finish the bottle if they are full.

A. Walks up and down stairs with assistance B. Runs with a wide stance C. Kicks a ball forward without falling D. Jumps in place with both feet

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Runs with a wide stance.This indicates normal gross motor development for an 18-month-old toddler.Gross motor skills are the abilities to use large muscles for movements such as walking, running, jumping, and climbing.

Choice A is wrong because walking up and down stairs with assistance is a skill that most toddlers can do by 24 months.

Choice C is wrong because kicking a ball forward without falling is a skill that most toddlers can do by 24 months.

Choice D is wrong because jumping in place with both feet is a skill that most toddlers can do by 30 months.

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A nurse is caring for a newborn who is receiving breast milk and supplemental vitamin D drops daily. The nurse knows that vitamin D supplementation is necessary for breastfed infants because:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to bottle feed a newborn who is formula fed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing an 18-month-old toddler’s gross motor development during a well-child visit. Which of the following actions by the toddler indicates normal development?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a newborn who is receiving breast milk and supplemental vitamin D drops daily. The nurse knows that vitamin D supplementation is necessary for breastfed infants because:

A nurse is preparing to administer an oral liquid medication to a 3-month-old infant who is receiving powdered infant formula. The nurse should:

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A nurse is referring a mother and her infant to specialized care for severe diseases or complications related to nutrition and feeding. Which of the following conditions would warrant such a referral?

A nurse is assisting a postpartum client who is breastfeeding her newborn for the first time 2 hr after birth. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is educating a mother about complementary feeding for her infant who is eight months old. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A nurse is reviewing the dietary intake of an infant who is receiving complementary foods and drinks along with breast milk. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the mother to limit or avoid to prevent dental caries?

A nurse is caring for a newborn who is receiving breast milk and supplemental vitamin D drops daily.

The nurse knows that vitamin D supplementation is necessary for breastfed infants because: