A nurse is caring for a preschool-aged child who presents with manifestations of epiglottitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority to perform?

Insert an intravenous catheter

Initiate droplet precautions

Provide blow-by humidified oxygen for the child

Place resuscitation equipment at child's bedside

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Place resuscitation equipment at the child's bedside. This is because epiglottitis can lead to a life- threatening emergency requiring immediate intervention, and having resuscitation equipment readily available is essential for rapid response.

A. Establishing intravenous access may be necessary for administering fluids and medications but it is not the nurse's priority action when caring for a child with suspected epiglottitis.

B. Droplet precautions help reduce the risk of transmission of respiratory pathogens to others. However, the priority is to address the child's respiratory distress and potential airway compromise.

C. Providing blow-by humidified oxygen can be beneficial in managing the child's respiratory status. However, securing the airway takes precedence over other interventions, as indicated by the guidelines for managing epiglottitis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Rheumatic fever often develops as a complication of untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal throat infections, particularly group A Streptococcus. A history of a recent sore throat in a family member could suggest a streptococcal infection, which is a risk factor for developing rheumatic fever.

B. Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and is not directly related to rheumatic fever. While viral infections can trigger or exacerbate rheumatic fever in susceptible individuals, chickenpox itself is not a significant risk factor for rheumatic fever.

C. Fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum, is caused by parvovirus B19 and is not associated with rheumatic fever. Fifth disease primarily affects the skin, causing a characteristic rash, and is typically a mild illness in children.

D. Gastritis, inflammation of the stomach lining, is not directly related to rheumatic fever. While some gastrointestinal conditions may be associated with autoimmune disorders, gastritis itself is not a known risk factor for rheumatic fever.

A. Antibiotic therapy B. Surgical debridement of necrotic tissue C. Antipyretic therapy D. Optimal nutrition and hydration

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotics is essential to prevent the spread of infection, alleviate symptoms, and promote healing.

B. Surgical debridement of necrotic tissue is often necessary for treating acute osteomyelitis, especially if there is extensive tissue damage or the formation of abscesses. Surgical intervention aims to remove infected and dead tissue, reduce bacterial load, and promote wound healing.

C. Antipyretic therapy, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be administered to reduce fever and alleviate associated symptoms in clients with acute osteomyelitis. While fever management is important for comfort and overall well-being, it may not be the immediate priority unless the fever is high or causing significant distress.

D. Adequate nutrition and hydration support immune function, tissue repair, and overall recovery. However, while important for long-term management, optimizing nutrition and hydration may not be the immediate priority unless the client is severely malnourished or dehydrated.

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A nurse is caring for a preschool-aged child who presents with manifestations of epiglottitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority to perform?

Nursing Test Bank

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