A nurse is providing education to a client who is pregnant and concerned about the risk of congenital heart diseases in their unborn baby. Which risk factor should the nurse mention?
"Family history of congenital heart diseases does not increase the risk for your baby."
"Exposure to certain infections during pregnancy can raise the risk of congenital heart diseases."
"Having a healthy diet and regular exercise during pregnancy is the primary risk factor."
"Congenital heart diseases are solely caused by random genetic mutations and have no identifiable risk factors."
The Correct Answer is B
A) This option is incorrect. Family history of congenital heart diseases is a significant risk factor. If a close family member has had a congenital heart defect, the risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies may be higher.
B) Correct answer. Exposure to certain infections during pregnancy, such as rubella (German measles), can increase the risk of congenital heart diseases in the baby. Rubella is known to be teratogenic, meaning it can cause birth defects.
C) This option is incorrect. While a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy is important for overall maternal and fetal health, it is not the primary risk factor for congenital heart diseases.
D) This option is incorrect. While genetic factors play a significant role in the etiology of congenital heart diseases, there are other identifiable risk factors, as mentioned in option B.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
C) Incorrect. Dairy products rich in calcium are not contraindicated with enalapril use. Calcium and ACE inhibitors do not have direct interactions.
D) Incorrect. Foods high in vitamin B12 are not contraindicated with enalapril use. There is no specific dietary restriction regarding vitamin B12 intake for clients taking this medication.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This option is incorrect. Infants with congenital heart diseases may have feeding difficulties due to fatigue and inadequate oxygenation, which can affect their appetite and feeding patterns.
B) This option is incorrect. Feeding difficulties in infants with heart defects are common due to their increased energy expenditure and compromised cardiovascular function. These difficulties may require appropriate interventions and ongoing support.
C) Correct answer. Many infants with congenital heart diseases experience fatigue and increased energy expenditure due to their heart's extra workload. This can lead to feeding difficulties, inadequate weight gain, and slower growth.
D) This option is incorrect. Congenital heart diseases can significantly impact feeding patterns in infants, and special attention is required to support their nutritional needs.
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