A hospice nurse is reinforcing teaching to a parent about how age affects how their child experiences a terminal illness. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

"Adolescents may feel responsible for the illness."

"Adolescents may feel frustrated for being dependent on others."

"Children 3 to 5 years old are too young to understand the difference between life and death."

"Children around 5 or 6 years old may try to be brave and shield loved ones from distress."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Adolescents may feel responsible for the illness." While younger children may engage in magical thinking and believe they caused their illness, adolescents typically have a more developed understanding of disease processes and are less likely to blame themselves.

B. "Adolescents may feel frustrated for being dependent on others." Adolescents value independence and autonomy, so a terminal illness that forces them to rely on caregivers can lead to frustration, anger, and emotional distress. This struggle with dependency is a common psychosocial challenge in adolescent patients.

C. "Children 3 to 5 years old are too young to understand the difference between life and death." Preschool-aged children may not fully grasp the permanence of death, but they do have some awareness of it. They often see death as temporary or reversible, influenced by their limited cognitive development and exposure to media or stories.

D. "Children around 5 or 6 years old may try to be brave and shield loved ones from distress." While school-aged children may begin to understand the finality of death, the tendency to "be brave" and protect loved ones is more common in older children and adolescents, who have a stronger sense of emotional responsibility.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cough, edema, and increased work of breathing. While these symptoms can indicate worsening heart failure, cough and edema are less prominent signs in infants compared to respiratory distress and feeding difficulties.

B. Tachypnea and diaphoresis with feeding, poor weight gain, and irritability. This is correct. Infants with worsening heart failure often struggle with feeding due to increased energy demands and difficulty breathing. Tachypnea (rapid breathing) and diaphoresis (excessive sweating) during feeding are classic early signs. Poor weight gain results from inadequate caloric intake, and irritability may be due to fatigue and hypoxia.

C. Abdominal pain, poor appetite, and cough. Abdominal pain is difficult to assess in infants, and poor appetite alone is not a definitive sign of heart failure. Cough may occur but is not a primary indicator of worsening heart failure in infants.

D. Bradycardia, rapid weight gain, and irritability. Bradycardia is not a common sign of worsening heart failure in infants; tachycardia (fast heart rate) is more typical. Rapid weight gain could suggest fluid retention but is not as reliable a sign as feeding difficulties and respiratory distress.

A. Application of scented lotions B. Frequent use of sunscreen C. Identification of triggers D. Use of topical corticosteroids E. Scrubbing of the affected area

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

A. Application of scented lotions. Scented lotions often contain fragrances and chemicals that can irritate the skin, worsening atopic dermatitis. Fragrance-free, hypoallergenic moisturizers should be used instead.

B. Frequent use of sunscreen. While sun protection is important, some sunscreens contain chemicals that may trigger irritation in children with atopic dermatitis. Mineral-based sunscreens (zinc oxide or titanium dioxide) are a better choice.

C. Identification of triggers. Common triggers include allergens (pollen, pet dander), irritants (soaps, detergents), weather changes, and certain foods. Identifying and avoiding triggers helps prevent flare-ups.

D. Use of topical corticosteroids. Low-to-moderate potency topical corticosteroids are the first-line treatment for controlling inflammation and reducing itching during flare-ups.

E. Scrubbing of the affected area. Scrubbing can damage the skin barrier, increase irritation, and worsen symptoms. Gentle cleansing with mild, fragrance-free cleansers is recommended instead.

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A hospice nurse is reinforcing teaching to a parent about how age affects how their child experiences a terminal illness. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Explanation

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