A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parent of a 7-year-old child who has manifestations consistent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding the screening and diagnosis of ADHD?

“Since ADHD is genetic, we need to know if other family members have been diagnosed to determine if your child has it."

"Your child will need a comprehensive evaluation, based on specific criteria including a detailed history and behavior assessment."

If your child shows symptoms of ADHD at home but not at school they can still be diagnosed with ADHD."

"ADHD can be confirmed with a blood test, so we should schedule one for your child."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Since ADHD is genetic, we need to know if other family members have been diagnosed to determine if your child has it." While ADHD has a genetic component, a family history alone is not sufficient to diagnose the condition. A proper diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation, not just genetic predisposition.

B. "Your child will need a comprehensive evaluation, based on specific criteria including a detailed history and behavior assessment." ADHD diagnosis is based on clinical criteria from the DSM-5, which includes a thorough history, observation of symptoms in multiple settings, and standardized behavior assessments. This ensures an accurate and well-supported diagnosis.

C. "If your child shows symptoms of ADHD at home but not at school, they can still be diagnosed with ADHD." ADHD symptoms must be present in at least two different settings, such as home and school, to meet diagnostic criteria. If symptoms are only seen in one setting, another cause may be responsible for the child’s behavior.

D. "ADHD can be confirmed with a blood test, so we should schedule one for your child." There is no laboratory test, imaging, or biomarker that can diagnose ADHD. Diagnosis is based on behavioral criteria and clinical evaluation rather than medical testing.

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Correct Answer is ["3.8"]

Explanation

Convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms:

Formula:

kg = lb / 2.2

= 22 lb / 2.2 lb/kg

= 10 kg

Calculate the total daily dose of dexamethasone:

Total daily dose (mg) = Dose (mg/kg/day) × Weight (kg)

= 1.5 mg/kg/day × 10 kg

= 15 mg/day

Calculate the dose to be administered every 6 hours:

Dose per interval (mg/dose) = Total daily dose (mg/day) / Number of doses per day

= 15 mg/day / 4 doses/day

= 3.75 mg/dose

Calculate the volume of dexamethasone oral solution to administer:

Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)

= 3.75 mg / 1 mg/mL

= 3.75 mL

Round to the nearest tenth:

3.75 mL rounded to the nearest tenth is 3.8 mL.

The nurse should administer 3.8 mL per dose.

A. "Screening involves a combination of parent interviews, observations, and standardized developmental screening tools." B. "ASD can be definitively diagnosed with a simple blood test, so we will schedule one for your child." C. "The screening process for ASLs usually completed in one visit to the healthcare provider." D. "If your child makes eye contact with you we can rule out autism spectrum disorder."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Screening involves a combination of parent interviews, observations, and standardized developmental screening tools." The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is based on behavioral assessments, including parent-reported history, clinical observations, and standardized screening tools such as the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT).

B. "ASD can be definitively diagnosed with a simple blood test, so we will schedule one for your child." There is no blood test or biomarker that can diagnose ASD. Diagnosis is based on behavioral and developmental criteria rather than laboratory tests.

C. "The screening process for ASD is usually completed in one visit to the healthcare provider." ASD screening and diagnosis require multiple evaluations over time, often involving developmental specialists, psychologists, and speech therapists to get a comprehensive understanding of the child’s behaviors.

D. "If your child makes eye contact with you, we can rule out autism spectrum disorder." While reduced eye contact is a common characteristic of ASD, some children with ASD do make eye contact, and the presence or absence of this behavior alone does not confirm or rule out the disorder.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parent of a 7-year-old child who has manifestations consistent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding the screening and diagnosis of ADHD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer a dexamethasone 1.5 mg/kg/day PO to divide equally every 6 hr to a preschool-age child who weighs 22 lb. Available is dexamethasone oral solution 1 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

Correct Answer is ["3.8"]

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing education to the parent of a 5-year-old client who has manifestations consistent with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which of the following statements should the nurse reinforce about the screening process for ASD?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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