A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a patient who has HIV and has a newborn. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide in the teaching?

“You must breastfeed to give the baby the best nutrients.”

"Breastfeeding is not recommended because of the high risk of transmission.”

“Pumped breastmilk may be given to your child."

"You should sterilize your pumped breastmilk prior to feeding.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "You must breastfeed to give the baby the best nutrients." While breastfeeding provides essential nutrients, it is not recommended for mothers with HIV due to the risk of viral transmission through breast milk, even if the mother is on antiretroviral therapy.

B. "Breastfeeding is not recommended because of the high risk of transmission." HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, and health organizations, including the WHO and CDC, advise against breastfeeding if safe alternatives, such as formula feeding, are available. Formula feeding is the preferred method in high-resource settings.

C. "Pumped breastmilk may be given to your child." Pumping does not eliminate HIV from breast milk. The virus remains present, posing the same transmission risk as direct breastfeeding.

D. "You should sterilize your pumped breastmilk prior to feeding." There is no reliable method for sterilizing breast milk at home that effectively eliminates HIV without destroying its nutritional value. Instead, formula feeding or donor milk from screened sources is recommended.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Collect data on physical examination. The first priority in managing a suspected head injury is assessing the adolescent's neurological status, airway, breathing, circulation, and level of consciousness. A physical examination helps determine the severity of the injury and guides further interventions.

B. Administer pain medication to the adolescent. While pain management is important, administering medication before assessing neurological status could mask symptoms of worsening intracranial pressure, making it difficult to monitor changes in the adolescent’s condition.

C. Notify the adolescent's primary care provider. Informing the provider is necessary, but it should be done after an initial assessment to provide accurate information about the adolescent’s condition and guide appropriate interventions.

D. Collect a detailed past medical history. While medical history is valuable, it is not the immediate priority in an emergency. The primary concern is assessing the adolescent’s current condition to determine if there are signs of increased intracranial pressure or other serious complications.

A. "My family should use separate serving utensils for gluten-free foods." B. "I can still enjoy oatmeal for breakfast.” C. “I need to avoid foods like bread, pasta, and cereal." D. "I need to check food labels for hidden sources of gluten, like barley and rye."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "My family should use separate serving utensils for gluten-free foods." Cross-contamination is a serious concern for individuals with celiac disease. Using separate utensils and cookware helps prevent exposure to gluten and reduces the risk of intestinal damage.

B. "I can still enjoy oatmeal for breakfast." Regular oats are often contaminated with gluten due to cross-contact with wheat, barley, or rye during processing. Only certified gluten-free oats are considered safe for individuals with celiac disease, but even then, some people may still react due to the protein avenin found in oats.

C. "I need to avoid foods like bread, pasta, and cereal." Many traditional bread, pasta, and cereals contain wheat, barley, or rye, which must be strictly avoided in a gluten-free diet.

D. "I need to check food labels for hidden sources of gluten, like barley and rye." Gluten can be found in processed foods, sauces, seasonings, and even medications. Reading labels carefully is essential for managing celiac disease.

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A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a patient who has HIV and has a newborn. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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