A nurse is discussing gout with a client concerned about developing the disorder. What should the nurse identify as risk factors for the disease? (Select all that apply)

High purine diet

Well-hydrated

Diuretic use

Starvation dieting

Normal BMI

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

Choice A reason: A high purine diet is a risk factor for gout because purines are metabolized into uric acid, which can accumulate and form crystals in the joints.

Choice B reason: Being well-hydrated is not a risk factor for gout; in fact, adequate hydration helps prevent gout attacks by diluting and promoting the excretion of uric acid.

Choice C reason: Diuretic use can increase the risk of gout by reducing the kidneys' ability to excrete uric acid, leading to higher levels in the blood.

Choice D reason: Starvation dieting can lead to an increase in uric acid production, raising the risk of gout attacks.

Choice E reason: Having a normal BMI is not a risk factor for gout. Obesity is a known risk factor, while maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing gout.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are used to assess kidney function and are not specific to heart failure.

Choice B reason: Hematocrit levels indicate the proportion of red blood cells in the blood and are not specific to heart failure. They are used to assess anemia and other blood disorders.

Choice C reason: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are elevated in heart failure. BNP is released by the ventricles in response to increased pressure and volume overload. Monitoring BNP levels helps assess the severity of heart failure and the effectiveness of treatment.

Choice D reason: Hemoglobin levels indicate the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and are used to assess anemia but are not specific to heart failure.

A. Pyridostigmine B. Flumazenil C. Acetylcholine D. Atropine

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Pyridostigmine is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, but it is not used as an antidote for edrophonium overdose. Pyridostigmine helps improve muscle strength by increasing the amount of acetylcholine available at the neuromuscular junction.

Choice B reason: Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose and has no effect on edrophonium. It works by competitively inhibiting the actions of benzodiazepines on the GABA receptor.

Choice C reason: Acetylcholine itself is not used as an antidote for edrophonium overdose. Administering acetylcholine would not counteract the effects of excessive acetylcholinesterase inhibition caused by edrophonium.

Choice D reason: Atropine is the correct antidote for edrophonium overdose. Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that can counteract the excessive accumulation of acetylcholine caused by edrophonium, thereby alleviating symptoms such as bradycardia and muscle weakness.

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A nurse is discussing gout with a client concerned about developing the disorder. What should the nurse identify as risk factors for the disease? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client seen in the clinic with shortness of breath and fatigue is being evaluated for a possible diagnosis of heart failure. Which laboratory result will be the most useful to monitor?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client admitted to the hospital with suspected myasthenic crisis was prescribed edrophonium (Tensilon). The nurse misread the dosage and administered a higher dose than prescribed. The doctor has ordered an antidote to be given. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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