A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of hypertension to a client. Which process is primarily responsible for elevated blood pressure in hypertension?

Vasodilation and increased sodium excretion

Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)

Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity

Enhanced nitric oxide production

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A) This option is incorrect. In hypertension, there is often vasoconstriction and increased sodium retention, leading to elevated blood pressure.

B) Correct answer. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a key mechanism in hypertension. It leads to vasoconstriction and increased water and sodium retention, elevating blood pressure.

C) This option is incorrect. In hypertension, sympathetic nervous system activity is often increased, not decreased.

D) This option is incorrect. In hypertension, there is reduced nitric oxide production, which contributes to arterial stiffness and elevated blood pressure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Limiting alcohol intake is a well-known strategy to reduce the risk of hypertension. Excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure, so this statement is accurate and does not need further clarification.

B. Family history is a significant risk factor for hypertension. If a person has a family history of hypertension, their chances of developing it are higher. This statement is incorrect and indicates a need for further clarification.

C. Regular exercise is beneficial for lowering blood pressure. Physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight and improves heart health, making this statement correct.

D. Reducing stress levels can help prevent hypertension. Chronic stress can contribute to high blood pressure, so managing stress is a valid preventive measure.

A. Visual disturbances B. Peripheral neuropathy C. Peripheral edema D. Atherosclerosis

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This option is incorrect. Visual disturbances are more commonly associated with hypertensive crises, not arterial damage.

B) This option is incorrect. Peripheral neuropathy is not a common complication of hypertension.

C) This option is incorrect. Peripheral edema is often associated with heart failure, not arterial damage resulting from hypertension.

D) Correct answer. Atherosclerosis, the buildup of plaque in the arteries, is a common complication of uncontrolled hypertension. Hypertension can cause chronic damage to the blood vessel walls, promoting the development of atherosclerotic plaques, which further narrows and stiffens the arteries.

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A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of hypertension to a client. Which process is primarily responsible for elevated blood pressure in hypertension?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education on hypertension risk factors to a group of clients. Which client statement indicates a need for further clarification?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is educating a client about complications of uncontrolled hypertension. Which complication should the nurse emphasize as a common result of hypertension-induced arterial damage?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client with hypertension about the potential complications of the condition. Which complication should the nurse emphasize as a result of hypertensive heart disease?

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A nurse is discussing non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension with a client. Which factor should the nurse include in the discussion?

A nurse is assessing a client suspected of having hypertension. Which clinical manifestation may be present in the early stages of hypertension?

A client with hypertension asks the nurse about the role of salt substitutes in managing blood pressure. What should the nurse advise the client?

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