A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse identifies that the client has urticaria and is wheezing. Which of the following types of transfusion reactions should the nurse suspect?

Anaphylactic

Acute hemolytic

Febrile

Circulatory overload

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. An anaphylactic reaction is correct. Symptoms such as urticaria (hives) and wheezing indicate a severe allergic reaction, which can progress to anaphylaxis. This reaction is caused by a hypersensitivity to plasma proteins in the transfused blood and requires immediate intervention, including stopping the transfusion and administering epinephrine.

B. An acute hemolytic reaction is incorrect. This reaction occurs when the recipient's immune system attacks incompatible donor red blood cells, leading to symptoms such as fever, chills, flank pain, hypotension, and hemoglobinuria. Urticaria and wheezing are not characteristic symptoms of this reaction.

C. A febrile reaction is incorrect. Febrile reactions are the most common type of transfusion reaction and are typically characterized by fever, chills, and headache, rather than urticaria or wheezing.

D. Circulatory overload is incorrect. This reaction occurs when too much fluid is infused too quickly, leading to dyspnea, hypertension, and pulmonary edema. While respiratory distress can occur, it is not accompanied by urticaria, which is specific to an allergic reaction.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. “I can make several office visits, so my child does not get so many immunizations at once.”: This is correct. While the CDC and AAP provide a recommended schedule, parents are allowed to space out vaccinations into multiple visits if they are concerned about the number of injections at a single appointment.

B. "I understand that immunizations will be withheld if my child has lactose intolerance.": This is incorrect. Lactose intolerance does not contraindicate immunizations. Some vaccines may contain small amounts of lactose, but this does not prevent a child with lactose intolerance from receiving them.

C. "My child will need to start the human papillomavirus series when he enters kindergarten.": This is incorrect. The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended to be started at ages 11 or 12, not when the child enters kindergarten.

D. "It is recommended that my child receive his first flu immunization at the age of 6.": This is incorrect. The first flu vaccine is recommended for children aged 6 months and older, and the initial flu vaccine may require two doses for children under 9 years of age, spaced at least 4 weeks apart.

A. Leukorrhea B. Burning during urination C. Swelling of the face D. Diarrhea

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Leukorrhea is correct. Leukorrhea, a normal increase in vaginal discharge, is a common discomfort during the first trimester of pregnancy. It is typically white or clear and odorless, and is caused by hormonal changes.

B. Burning during urination is incorrect. Burning during urination is not a normal discomfort of pregnancy and could indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI), which requires further evaluation and treatment.

C. Swelling of the face is incorrect. Swelling, especially of the face, is not typical during the first trimester and could be a sign of a more serious condition, such as preeclampsia, and should be investigated further.

D. Diarrhea is incorrect. While gastrointestinal changes can occur during pregnancy, diarrhea is not typically a common discomfort of the first trimester. Constipation, on the other hand, is more common due to hormonal changes that slow down bowel motility.

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A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse identifies that the client has urticaria and is wheezing. Which of the following types of transfusion reactions should the nurse suspect?

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