A nurse is preparing to provide morning hygiene care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease.
The client becomes agitated and combative when the nurse approaches him.
Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Calmly ask the client if he would like to listen to some music.
Turn the water on and ask the client to test the temperature.
Firmly tell the client that good hygiene is important.
Obtain assistance to place mitten restraints on the client.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
It is essential for the nurse to employ non-pharmacological interventions to manage behavioral issues in clients with Alzheimer's disease. Offering to play music is a suitable approach to distract and soothe the agitated client. Music can have a calming effect and may help reduce anxiety and agitation in clients with dementia. It is a safe and non-invasive intervention that respects the client's autonomy and preferences.
Choice B rationale:
Turning the water on and asking the client to test the temperature (choice B) may not be an appropriate initial response. This action may increase the client's agitation as it involves immediate physical contact and may not address the underlying issue of the client's distress.
Choice C rationale:
Firmly telling the client that good hygiene is important (choice C) is not a recommended approach. Using a firm tone or being authoritative can escalate the client's agitation and may not effectively address the behavioral issue. It's important to use a calm and respectful approach when caring for clients with Alzheimer's disease.
Choice D rationale:
Obtaining assistance to place mitten restraints on the client (choice D) should not be the first choice. Restraints should only be used as a last resort when other methods have failed, and they should be used in accordance with institutional policies and guidelines. Restraints can have adverse physical and psychological effects and should be avoided whenever possible.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","F","G"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Performing a vaginal examination every 12 hours is not necessary in this case. The client is not in labor and there are no indications of any complications that would require frequent vaginal examinations.
Choice B rationale:
The client’s symptoms of severe headache, +3 pitting edema in bilateral lower extremities, and a patellar reflex of 4+ without the presence of clonus are indicative of severe preeclampsia. Antihypertensive medications are often used to manage high blood pressure in preeclampsia.
Choice C rationale:
Betamethasone is a corticosteroid that is given to pregnant women who are at risk of delivering prematurely to help mature the baby’s lungs. Given that the client is at 31 weeks of gestation and has had a previous preterm birth, administering betamethasone would be appropriate.
Choice D rationale:
A low-stimulation environment can help reduce blood pressure and prevent seizures in clients with preeclampsia.
Choice E rationale:
Bed rest can help lower blood pressure and improve blood flow to the placenta, which can be beneficial for the baby.
Choice F rationale:
Monitoring intake and output every hour can help assess kidney function, which can be affected by preeclampsia.
Choice G rationale:
A 24-hour urine specimen can provide information about protein levels in the urine, which can indicate the severity of preeclampsia. It’s important to note that normal ranges for lab parameters can vary slightly depending on the lab, but generally, protein levels in a 24-hour urine specimen should be less than 300 mg. Pitting edema is usually graded on a scale of 1+ (mild) to 4+ (severe), and a patellar reflex of 4+ is considered hyperactive and may indicate nervous system hyperexcitability seen in severe preeclampsia or eclampsia.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B"},"D":{"answers":"B"}}
Explanation
Blood pressure: This finding is consistent with preeclampsia, but not HELLP syndrome.Preeclampsia is defined as new-onset hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg) after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria.HELLP syndrome is a severe form of preeclampsia that involves hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets, but does not necessarily cause hypertension. Hemoglobin: This finding is consistent with HELLP syndrome, but not preeclampsia.
Hemolysis is one of the main features of HELLP syndrome, which causes a decrease in hemoglobin levels.Preeclampsia does not typically affect hemoglobin levels, unless there is significant blood loss or hemodilution.
Platelet count: This finding is consistent with both preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome.Low platelets (thrombocytopenia) are a common complication of preeclampsia, especially in severe cases.They are also a diagnostic criterion for HELLP syndrome, which requires a platelet count of less than 100,000/mm3.
Alanine aminotransferase: This finding is consistent with HELLP syndrome, but not preeclampsia.Elevated liver enzymes are another hallmark of HELLP syndrome, which indicates liver damage and inflammation.Preeclampsia may cause mild elevations of liver enzymes, but not to the same extent as HELLP syndrome.
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