A nurse is preparing to teach a client who has major depressive disorder and is scheduled to undergo electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

“ECT contraindicated in clients who have psychotic symptoms.”

"ECT is delivered through electrodes attached to the head.”

ECT cannot be administered to clients who have suicide ideation

ECT is conducted under regional anesthesia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. “ECT contraindicated in clients who have psychotic symptoms.”: This statement is incorrect. ECT can be used to treat various mental health conditions, including severe depression with psychotic features. It is not contraindicated solely based on the presence of psychotic symptoms.

B. "ECT is delivered through electrodes attached to the head.”: This statement is accurate. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves the delivery of electrical currents to the brain through electrodes placed on the scalp. These electrodes are positioned to target specific areas of the brain.

C. “ECT cannot be administered to clients who have suicide ideation”: This statement is incorrect. ECT can be considered as a treatment option for individuals with severe depression, including those with suicidal ideation or behavior. It can be effective in rapidly alleviating symptoms and reducing suicide risk in some cases.

D. “ECT is conducted under regional anesthesia.”: This statement is incorrect. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is typically performed under general anesthesia to ensure the client's comfort and safety during the procedure. Regional anesthesia is not commonly used for ECT.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. “I can hear him crying in the middle of the night.”: While this statement indicates distress, it does not necessarily indicate an immediate risk of suicide. Crying can be a symptom of various emotional or psychological issues, but it does not provide direct evidence of suicidal intent.

B. "He spends most of his time locked in his room.”: Social withdrawal or isolating oneself from others can be a warning sign of depression or other mental health issues, including suicidal ideation. However, it alone may not indicate imminent risk of suicide.

C. “He refuses to go to the movies with his friends.”: Social withdrawal or a decline in interest in previously enjoyed activities can also be indicators of depression or other mental health concerns. However, like spending time alone, it does not provide direct evidence of suicidal intent.

D. “I noticed several cutting marks on both of his arms.”: This statement is the most concerning and indicates a potential self-harm behavior. Self-harm, such as cutting, can be a significant risk factor for suicide, especially if the behavior escalates or if the individual expresses suicidal thoughts or intentions.

A. Lack of eye contact B. Inability to play quietly C. Constant spinning of a toy D. Withdrawal from physical contact

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Lack of eye contact: Difficulty with eye contact is a common characteristic of ASD. Many individuals with ASD may have challenges in establishing or maintaining eye contact during social interactions.

B. Inability to play quietly: Individuals with ASD may engage in repetitive or stereotyped behaviors, including noisy or disruptive play. However, the inability to play quietly is not universally present in all individuals with ASD.

C. Constant spinning of a toy: Repetitive or stereotyped movements, such as spinning objects or repetitive hand movements, are common behaviors observed in individuals with ASD. This behavior is often referred to as "stimming" or self-stimulatory behavior.

D. Withdrawal from physical contact: Sensory sensitivities are common in individuals with ASD, and some may be hypersensitive to touch or physical contact. As a result, they may withdraw from or avoid physical contact with others.

E. Repeated voiding in clothes: Repeated voiding in clothes is not typically considered a core feature of ASD. However, some individuals with ASD may have challenges with toileting, including difficulties with toilet training or sensory sensitivities related to bathroom routines.

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A nurse is preparing to teach a client who has major depressive disorder and is scheduled to undergo electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

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