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A nurse is providing care to a client who has a history of asthma. The client presents with influenza symptoms that started the previous day. The provider orders an influenza test and prescribes an oral antiviral with instructions to begin the treatment as soon as possible. The client asks the nurse whether they can take the antiviral before the lab results are back. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

"No, you should wait for lab confirmation because taking antivirals for a nonviral infection can increase side effects."

"No, you should wait for lab confirmation before beginning antiviral treatment, to prevent resistant viruses."

"Yes, antiviral treatment will ensure that you are less contagious and do not spread influenza to others."

"Yes, antiviral treatments are most effective when they are started within 48 hours of symptom onset."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. "No, you should wait for lab confirmation because taking antivirals for a nonviral infection can increase side effects.": While unnecessary use of antivirals can lead to side effects, prompt treatment in high-risk individuals (such as those with asthma) is crucial to mitigate complications, making this response less appropriate.

B. "No, you should wait for lab confirmation before beginning antiviral treatment, to prevent resistant viruses.": Delaying treatment in high-risk populations is not recommended as antivirals are most effective early in the course of the illness. This statement does not consider the urgency of treating influenza in vulnerable clients.

C. "Yes, antiviral treatment will ensure that you are less contagious and do not spread influenza to others.": While antivirals can reduce viral shedding, this response overlooks the critical importance of early treatment in reducing the severity of the illness and preventing complications.

D. "Yes, antiviral treatments are most effective when they are started within 48 hours of symptom onset.": Antivirals are most effective when initiated within 48 hours of the onset of influenza symptoms, especially in individuals with underlying conditions like asthma. Starting treatment early can reduce the severity and duration of symptoms, making this the most appropriate response.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. The client who has renal failure: Renal failure can lead to hypocalcemia due to the kidneys' reduced ability to convert vitamin D to its active form, leading to decreased calcium absorption.

B. The client who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy: Hypocalcemia can occur after thyroidectomy if the parathyroid glands are inadvertently damaged or removed, as they regulate calcium levels.

C. The client who has hyperparathyroidism: Hyperparathyroidism typically leads to hypercalcemia, not hypocalcemia, as excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases calcium levels in the blood.

D. The client who has vitamin D deficiency: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption in the intestines, so a deficiency can lead to hypocalcemia.

E. The client who is receiving bisphosphonate medications: Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption, which can lead to a decrease in calcium levels, potentially causing hypocalcemia.

F. The client who has Addison's disease: Addison's disease is primarily associated with electrolyte imbalances like hyponatremia and hyperkalemia, not hypocalcemia.

A. Reposition the client every 4 hr. B. Place the head of the client's bed at 40° when supine. C. Turn off the ventilator alarms before suctioning the client's airway. D. Provide mouth care every 10 to 12 hr with hydrogen peroxide.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Reposition the client every 4 hr.: Repositioning should be done more frequently, typically every 2 hours, to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers.

B. Place the head of the client's bed at 40° when supine: Elevating the head of the bed to 30-45° helps reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) by preventing aspiration.

C. Turn off the ventilator alarms before suctioning the client's airway: Ventilator alarms should never be turned off as they are critical for monitoring the client's status. Alarms can be temporarily silenced, but only for the duration of the procedure.

D. Provide mouth care every 10 to 12 hr with hydrogen peroxide: Mouth care should be provided more frequently, typically every 4 hours, to reduce the risk of infection. Hydrogen peroxide is not commonly used due to its potential to cause irritation and harm to oral tissues.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients have an elevated risk for hypocalcemia?

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse at a long-term care facility is reinforcing teaching with a newly hired nurse about the care of clients who are receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has multiple injuries following a motor vehicle crash. The nurse should monitor for which of the following manifestations of a pneumothorax?

A nurse is reinforcing discharge education to a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following suggestions should be included in the teaching plan?

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?

A nurse is providing a client who has COPD with education regarding adapting their behavior. Which of the following describes an anticipated outcome following education of the client?

A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses about hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the charge nurse include as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is short of breath. When reviewing the client's arterial blood gases (ABGs), which of the following conditions should the nurse anticipate the client to be experiencing?

A nurse is collecting data on a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?