A nurse is providing education for a client who has glaucoma.
Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Without treatment, glaucoma can cause blindness.

Double vision is a common symptom of glaucoma.

Glaucoma is caused by inadequate production of fluid within the eye.

Use of eye drops will improve vision over time.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Without treatment, glaucoma can lead to blindness due to the progressive damage it causes to the optic nerve. Elevated intraocular pressure damages the optic nerve fibers, leading to peripheral vision loss and eventually total blindness if untreated.

Choice B rationale

Double vision is not a common symptom of glaucoma. Instead, glaucoma typically presents with symptoms like gradual peripheral vision loss, eye pain, and halos around lights.

Choice C rationale

Glaucoma is primarily caused by increased intraocular pressure, either due to overproduction of aqueous humor or improper drainage, not inadequate fluid production.

Choice D rationale

Use of eye drops helps to control intraocular pressure but does not improve vision; it helps to prevent further damage to the optic nerve.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) involves a blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the legs. Symptoms include swelling, pain, and redness, but not typically cold legs or hair loss, making it unlikely in this scenario.

Choice B rationale

Venous insufficiency occurs when veins struggle to send blood back to the heart, leading to varicose veins, swelling, and skin changes. While it can cause leg discomfort, it does not typically result in cold legs or hair loss.

Choice C rationale

Varicosities are enlarged, twisted veins caused by increased pressure. They can cause pain and swelling but not cold legs or hair loss, making them an unlikely cause of the described symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Arterial insufficiency, caused by poor blood flow due to narrowed arteries, results in symptoms such as cold legs, hair loss, pain, and weakened pulses. The description of cold legs and hair loss fits arterial insufficiency, making it the most likely diagnosis.

A. Caused by the complete absence of melanin pigment. B. Caused by an excess of apocrine glands in her feet. C. Related to impetigo and can be treated with an ointment. D. Caused by an excess of melanin pigment.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Vitiligo is a condition caused by the destruction or malfunction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin pigment. This leads to the development of white patches on the skin, as melanin is absent in these areas. Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition and can affect any part of the body, including the skin, hair, and mucous membranes.

Choice B rationale

Excess apocrine glands in the feet are not related to vitiligo. Apocrine glands are sweat glands found primarily in the underarm and genital areas and are responsible for the secretion of a thick, odorless fluid. Their overactivity does not result in the white patches seen in vitiligo.

Choice C rationale

Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by red sores, blisters, and crusting. It is not related to vitiligo and does not cause depigmentation. Impetigo is treated with antibiotics, whereas vitiligo requires different management strategies to address the loss of pigment.

Choice D rationale

Vitiligo is not caused by an excess of melanin pigment. Rather, it is the result of melanin loss or the absence of melanocytes in certain areas of the skin, leading to the characteristic white patches.

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A nurse is providing education for a client who has glaucoma.Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is providing education for a client who has glaucoma.
Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?