A nurse is assessing a pregnant client's risk factors for congenital heart diseases. Which information should the nurse prioritize during the assessment?

A) The answer is A. The pallor and coolness of the skin may indicate poor cardiac output and impaired circulation commonly seen in congenital heart diseases. These signs are suggestive of reduced oxygen delivery to peripheral tissues.

B) Incorrect. The respiratory rate being within the normal range does not specifically point to a congenital heart disease. Other signs and symptoms should be assessed to confirm the diagnosis.

C) Incorrect. The closure and firmness of the fontanelle are related to the status of the infant's skull bones and do not directly indicate congenital heart disease.

D) Incorrect. Weight gain following the growth chart percentile for age is not directly associated with congenital heart diseases. There are more specific clinical indicators to consider in the assessment of this condition.

A) Incorrect. Encouraging high-intensity aerobic exercises daily is not appropriate for a client with a congenital heart disease, as it can put excessive strain on the heart and may not be safe.

B) The answer is B. Limiting physical activities to mild exercises and avoiding competitive sports is recommended for clients with congenital heart diseases to prevent overexertion and potential complications.

C) Incorrect. Complete restriction of physical activity for six months is not necessary for most clients with congenital heart diseases. It is essential to promote safe and appropriate physical activities.

D) Incorrect. Activities with prolonged standing may increase venous return and potentially worsen certain congenital heart conditions. The focus should be on low to moderate intensity exercises.

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