A nurse is providing instructions about a 24-hr urine collection to an adolescent client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

Save the final specimen in a separate c

Cleanse the perineum with a povidone-

Discard the first voided specimen.

Void every hour

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   During a 24-hour urine collection, all urine produced over the 24-hour period should be collected in a single container. The final specimen (the last urine voided at the end of the 24 hours) should be added to the same container as the rest of the collected urine, not saved separately.
B.   For a 24-hour urine collection, there is no need to cleanse the perineum with a povidone-iodine solution before each collection. The focus should be on collecting all urine over the 24-hour period in the designated container. However, proper hygiene practices are important to avoid contamination.
C.   The 24-hour urine collection starts after the first void of the day, which should be discarded. The collection begins with the second void and continues until the same time the next day, including the final void. Discarding the first void is essential to ensure that the collection accurately reflects the urine produced over a full 24-hour period.
D.   During a 24-hour urine collection, the client should void as needed but collect all urine produced over the 24 hours in the designated container. There is no requirement to void every hour; the key is to ensure that every drop of urine is collected and included in the total 24-hour collection period.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Keeping the child’s nails trimmed and filed helps prevent excessive scratching that can lead to skin infections and worsening of dermatitis. It reduces the risk of injury to the skin and minimizes the potential for secondary infections from scratching.
B. This is a key recommendation for managing atopic dermatitis. Emollients (moisturizers) should be applied immediately after bathing to help lock in moisture and prevent the skin from becoming dry, which can exacerbate the condition. Moisturizing regularly helps to soothe the skin and reduce itching.
C. Applying gloves or mittens can be helpful in preventing the child from scratching and irritating the skin. This is especially useful at night to minimize scratching while the child is asleep.
D. Using a mild, fragrance-free detergent is important to prevent irritation of the skin. Harsh chemicals and fragrances in regular detergents can exacerbate atopic dermatitis and irritate sensitive skin.
E. It is realistic to inform the guardian that atopic dermatitis is a chronic condition with potential flare- ups. Understanding that flare-ups are a normal part of the condition can help the guardian manage expectations and better cope with the condition over time.
F. Atopic dermatitis is not contagious. It is an allergic condition related to immune system dysfunction and genetic factors, not an infectious disease. Therefore, it cannot be spread to others.
G. While pimecrolimus cream is an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis, it should be applied according to the provider's instructions, which generally involve applying a thin layer rather than a thick layer. Overapplication can lead to potential side effects or diminished effectiveness.

A. Dietitian B. Physical therapist C. Speech-language pathologist D. Occupational therapist

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A dietitian is essential for managing cystic fibrosis because CF often leads to malabsorption of nutrients and requires a high-calorie, high-fat diet to support growth and maintain weight. Children with CF may also need enzyme supplements to aid in digestion. However, this can be done after addressing the respiratory concerns.
B. Regular physical therapy is important for helping the child with respiratory exercises and techniques to clear mucus from the lungs, as well as improving overall physical conditioning and endurance. Physical therapy helps manage and prevent complications related to lung function, which is a key concern in CF.
C. A speech-language pathologist can be helpful in assessing and treating communication and swallowing disorders but they are not typically the primary focus in the management of cystic fibrosis unless the child has specific issues related to speech or swallowing that are not common in CF.
D. An occupational therapist helps children develop skills for daily living and fine motor skills. While this can be beneficial for children with various conditions, it is not usually a primary focus for a child with cystic fibrosis unless there are specific concerns related to fine motor skills or activities of daily living.

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A nurse is providing instructions about a 24-hr urine collection to an adolescent client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

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