A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has stage 3 HIV disease (AIDS). Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse an understanding of the teaching?

"I will rinse raw fruits with water before eating them"

“I will wear gloves while changing the kitty litter box"

"I will wear a N95 mask when around sick family members"

“I will cook vegetables before eating them"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   While rinsing fruits is good practice, it may not fully eliminate the risk of pathogens, especially for someone with a compromised immune system.
B.   This statement is the best indication of understanding how to prevent infections. Changing kitty litter can expose the client to Toxoplasma gondii, which is particularly risky for immunocompromised individuals. Wearing gloves is a direct and effective precaution.
C.   Although wearing an N95 mask can be appropriate in certain situations, it may not be necessary for all interactions with sick family members. A standard surgical mask is often sufficient.
D.   Cooking vegetables is a good practice for food safety, especially for immunocompromised individuals, but this statement is more general than specifically addressing a particular risk.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Airplane flights can trigger a crisis due to changes in altitude and decreased oxygen levels in the cabin. The lower atmospheric pressure and reduced oxygen can contribute to sickling of red blood cells, increasing the risk of a crisis.
B. Dehydration is a significant trigger for sickle cell crises. It can lead to hemoconcentration, making the blood more viscous and promoting sickling of the red blood cells. Maintaining hydration is crucial for preventing crises.
C. Exposure to cold weather can trigger vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell patients. Cold temperatures can cause blood vessels to constrict, reducing blood flow and increasing the likelihood of sickling and pain episodes.
D. Any illness, particularly infections, can trigger a sickle cell crisis. Infections can lead to increased metabolic demand, dehydration, and inflammatory responses, all of which can contribute to vaso- occlusion and pain.
E. While certain sensory stimuli can affect individuals with various conditions (like migraines), flashing light patterns on television are not commonly recognized triggers for a sickle cell crisis. There is no substantial evidence linking this to vaso-occlusive events in sickle cell disease.

A. Use paper tape on fragile skin B. Provide mouthwash with alcohol for oral care C. Avoid aspirin D. Provide a soft bristle toothbrush or oral sponge E. Teach to use an electric shaver instead of a razor

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Paper tape is gentler on fragile skin compared to standard adhesive tape. It reduces the risk of skin tears and bleeding, making it a safer option for patients with thrombocytopenia.
B. This option is not advisable. Mouthwash containing alcohol can irritate and dry out the mucous membranes in the mouth, potentially leading to ulcers or bleeding. Instead, an alcohol-free mouthwash should be used for oral care.
C. Aspirin is an antiplatelet agent that can increase the risk of bleeding. Patients on bleeding precautions should avoid aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to minimize the risk of excessive bleeding.
D. A soft-bristle toothbrush or oral sponge is recommended for oral care to minimize trauma to the gums and mucous membranes. This helps reduce the risk of bleeding in patients with low platelet counts.
E. Using an electric shaver is safer than a traditional razor, as it reduces the risk of cuts and nicks that can lead to bleeding. This precaution is particularly important for patients with thrombocytopenia.

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A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has stage 3 HIV disease (AIDS). Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following factors are known to commonly trigger a crisis in patients with sickle cell disease? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Patients receiving chemotherapy are at risk for thrombocytopenia related to chemotherapy or disease processes. Which actions. are needed for patients who must be placed on bleeding precautions? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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