Your patient had an open colon resection a week ago and developed a subsequent infection of their surgical incision. Now the patient's blood pressure has been dropping for the past 2 hours and is currently 89/65. What type of shock is the patient experiencing?

Distributive

Hypovolemic

Obstructive

Cardiogenic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   This type of shock occurs when there is widespread vasodilation leading to a relative hypovolemia, often seen in conditions like sepsis. Given that the patient has a surgical site infection, this is a plausible consideration. However, distributive shock typically involves more than just hypotension, including symptoms like warm skin and possible fever.
B.   This type of shock results from significant fluid loss, leading to inadequate circulating volume. It can occur after surgery due to bleeding or fluid loss, but the context here suggests that the primary issue is infection rather than direct fluid loss.
C.   Obstructive shock happens when there is a physical obstruction to blood flow, such as in cases of pulmonary embolism or tension pneumothorax. There’s no indication of obstruction in this scenario related to the infection and hypotension.
D.   This shock type occurs when the heart fails to pump effectively, often due to myocardial infarction or severe heart failure. The patient’s history does not suggest heart dysfunction, so this option is less likely.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hallux Valgus refers to a deformity where the big toe (hallux) angles towards the second toe, often accompanied by a bony bump (bunion) on the side of the foot. This condition can cause pain, discomfort, and difficulty in finding properly fitting footwear.
B. Ulnar deviation refers to the movement of the wrist where the hand deviates towards the ulnar bone (the side of the little finger). It is often associated with rheumatoid arthritis and not related to foot deformities.
C. Nodules on the fingers can occur in various conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (called rheumatoid nodules). This term does not relate to Hallux Valgus or any deformity of the foot.
D. Bone spurs are bony projections that develop along the edges of bones, often related to osteoarthritis. While they can occur in the knees, they are not associated with Hallux Valgus.

A. Neutropenia B. Anemia C. Leukopenia D. Left Shift

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Neutropenia refers to an abnormally low level of neutrophils in the blood. This condition can result from various factors, including severe infections, bone marrow issues, or certain medications. However, in the context of a severe bacterial infection, you would expect an increase in neutrophils, not a decrease.
B. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to the body’s tissues. While infections can lead to anemia, it is not a direct indicator of white blood cell production or response to a bacterial infection.
C. Leukopenia refers to a decrease in the overall white blood cell count. Like neutropenia, it indicates a reduced ability to fight infection, which is not consistent with a severe bacterial infection where the body is actively trying to produce more white blood cells.
D. A "left shift" indicates the presence of increased immature neutrophils (such as band cells) in the blood, which occurs when the bone marrow releases these cells into circulation in response to a severe infection. This reflects the body’s effort to combat an infection, typically seen in bacterial infections.

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Your patient had an open colon resection a week ago and developed a subsequent infection of their surgical incision. Now the patient's blood pressure has been dropping for the past 2 hours and is currently 89/65. What type of shock is the patient experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

You are reading the Physician's notes on your patient when you notice that the Dr. wrote that the patient has a Hallux Valgus deformity. What is this describing?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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