A nurse is reinforcing education to a caregiver of a pediatric client about disease prevention related to thermal injuries. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Lack of supervision is a big risk factor for burns children."

“Microwaved food should sit for 30 seconds before giving to the child."

"Young children should be kept indoors at all times to prevent sunburns,"

"The water heater should be set at 130 degrees Fahrenheit or less."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "Lack of supervision is a big risk factor for burns in children." This is correct. Young children are naturally curious and have limited awareness of danger, making them more prone to thermal injuries. Inadequate supervision increases the risk of burns from hot liquids, open flames, electrical sources, and heated objects.

B. "Microwaved food should sit for 30 seconds before giving to the child." While allowing food to cool is helpful, 30 seconds may not be enough time to reduce the risk of burns. Additionally, caregivers should stir microwaved food thoroughly to distribute heat evenly and test the temperature before feeding the child.

C. "Young children should be kept indoors at all times to prevent sunburns." This is unrealistic and unnecessary. Instead, caregivers should use protective measures such as sunscreen, hats, protective clothing, and shade to prevent sunburn while allowing outdoor activities.

D. "The water heater should be set at 130 degrees Fahrenheit or less." This is incorrect. The recommended maximum water heater temperature is 120°F (49°C) to prevent scald burns. Water at 130°F can cause serious burns within seconds, making it too high for safety.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Psoriasis is driven by an increase, not suppression, of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23. These cytokines trigger excessive skin cell proliferation and inflammation.

B. Increased production of sebum. Sebum production is linked to conditions like seborrheic dermatitis and acne, not psoriasis. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder rather than a condition caused by oil overproduction.

C. Overactivation of T-cells. Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disorder where overactive T-cells attack healthy skin cells, leading to increased inflammation and rapid skin cell turnover. This results in the formation of thick, scaly plaques seen in psoriasis.

D. Decreased number of Langerhans cells in the dermis. Langerhans cells are antigen-presenting cells involved in immune defense. While they may play a role in immune regulation, psoriasis is primarily caused by T-cell hyperactivity rather than a reduction in Langerhans cells.

A. Administering the insulin injection quickly to minimize discomfort B. Explaining the procedure in simple terms to the client before administering the insulin C. Asking the client to look away during the injection to reduce anxiety D. Using a larger needle to ensure accurate insulin delivery

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administering the insulin injection quickly to minimize discomfort. Administering an injection quickly may reduce discomfort, but it does not address the emotional and psychological aspects of atraumatic care. The goal is to minimize fear and distress, not just physical pain.

B. Explaining the procedure in simple terms to the client before administering the insulin. Providing a clear, age-appropriate explanation helps reduce anxiety and fosters trust between the child and the nurse. Understanding what to expect allows the child to feel a sense of control, which is a key principle of atraumatic care.

C. Asking the client to look away during the injection to reduce anxiety. While looking away may help some children, it does not promote understanding or involvement in their care. Instead, explaining the procedure allows the child to develop coping strategies and feel more secure.

D. Using a larger needle to ensure accurate insulin delivery. Insulin is administered using a small-gauge needle to minimize pain. A larger needle is unnecessary and could increase discomfort, contradicting the principles of atraumatic care.

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A nurse is reinforcing education to a caregiver of a pediatric client about disease prevention related to thermal injuries. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the role of the immune system to a client who has psoriasis. Which of the following explains the immune system dysfunction associated with psoriasis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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