A nurse is reinforcing information with a nursing colleague about sentinel events. Which of the following statements by the nursing colleague indicates an understanding?
"An example of a sentinel event is administering incompatible blood products to a client."
"An example of a sentinel event is administering client medications 30 minutes late."
"An example of a sentinel event is documenting vital signs at the wrong time in the client’s electronic health record."
"An example of a sentinel event is administering a prescribed sedative to a client for insomnia."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: A sentinel event is a serious adverse event that results in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm to a patient. Administering incompatible blood products to a client is a sentinel event because it can cause fatal hemolytic reactions.
Choice B reason: Administering client medications 30 minutes late is not a sentinel event, unless it leads to a serious adverse outcome for the patient. Medication errors are common and preventable, and they should be reported and analyzed to improve patient safety.
Choice C reason: Documenting vital signs at the wrong time in the client’s electronic health record is not a sentinel event, unless it leads to a serious adverse outcome for the patient. Documentation errors are also common and preventable, and they should be corrected and avoided to ensure accurate and timely information.
Choice D reason: Administering a prescribed sedative to a client for insomnia is not a sentinel event, unless it leads to a serious adverse outcome for the patient. Sedatives are commonly used to treat insomnia, and they should be prescribed and administered with caution and monitoring⁵.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Outside client's room is not an appropriate area to provide report to the oncoming nurse. This area may not be private or quiet enough to ensure confidentiality and accuracy of the information. The nurse may also miss important cues or changes in the client's condition or environment.
Choice B reason: Conference area is not an appropriate area to provide report to the oncoming nurse. This area may be too far from the client's room or the nursing station, which can delay the response time or the continuity of care. The nurse may also lose the opportunity to interact with the client and the family, and to verify the data with the physical assessment.
Choice C reason: Nurse's lounge is not an appropriate area to provide report to the oncoming nurse. This area may be too informal or distracting to maintain the professionalism and focus of the report. The nurse may also violate the privacy and dignity of the client and the family by discussing their personal or medical information in a public place.
Choice D reason: Client's bedside is an appropriate area to provide report to the oncoming nurse. This area allows the nurse to involve the client and the family in the report, which can enhance their satisfaction, safety, and education. The nurse can also observe the client's condition and behavior, and perform the physical assessment and the medication reconciliation with the oncoming nurse.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The use of social media is included in the COE. According to the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses, nurses should use social media responsibly and ethically, respecting the privacy and confidentiality of patients, colleagues, and employers. Nurses should also avoid posting any information that could harm the reputation of the profession or the health care organization.
Choice B reason: Student nurses are held accountable to the COE. According to the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses, student nurses are expected to uphold the same ethical standards as registered nurses, as they are members of the profession and the public trust. Student nurses should also adhere to the academic policies and regulations of their educational institutions.
Choice C reason: Criteria for obtaining licensure is not included in the COE. The COE is not a legal document, but a guide for ethical nursing practice and decision-making. Criteria for obtaining licensure is determined by the regulatory bodies of each country or state, and may vary depending on the level and scope of practice.
Choice D reason: Professional expectations are included in the COE. The COE defines and guides the ethical values, responsibilities, and accountabilities of nurses in all settings, roles, and domains of practice. The COE also provides a framework for self-evaluation, peer review, and quality improvement.
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