A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a graduating nurse about fluid volume deficit. Which of the following concepts about water balance should the nurse explain to the graduating nurse?
The intracellular space contains most of the body's water.
A fluid volume deficit inhibits baroreceptors.
When the body loses water, the intravascular space experiences the water loss.
A negative fluid balance occurs when the body takes in more water than the body needs.
The Correct Answer is C
A. The intracellular space contains most of the body's water: While it is true that the intracellular space holds the majority of the body's water, this statement does not specifically relate to the concept of fluid volume deficit or how the body responds to it.
B. A fluid volume deficit inhibits baroreceptors: In fact, fluid volume deficit activates baroreceptors due to reduced blood pressure, leading to compensatory mechanisms like increased heart rate and vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure.
C. When the body loses water, the intravascular space experiences the water loss: This statement accurately describes the process during fluid volume deficit. The intravascular space loses water, leading to decreased blood volume, which can result in symptoms like hypotension and reduced tissue perfusion.
D. A negative fluid balance occurs when the body takes in more water than the body needs: This statement is incorrect; a negative fluid balance occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in, leading to dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. BNP does not promote the synthesis of angiotensin II; instead, it counteracts the effects of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by reducing fluid retention and blood pressure, which is the opposite of what angiotensin II does.
B. BNP does not increase heart rate or cardiac contractility. Its role is primarily in reducing cardiac workload by lowering blood pressure and decreasing fluid volume.
C. BNP does not increase blood pressure; rather, it acts to decrease it by causing vasodilation and inhibiting the effects of aldosterone, which would otherwise increase blood pressure by promoting sodium and water retention.
D. BNP decreases blood pressure by causing vasodilation and promoting the excretion of sodium and water, which reduces blood volume and, consequently, lowers the blood pressure. This is its primary role in cardiovascular regulation, especially in response to heart failure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The "Choice of Analgesia and Sedation" component of the ABCDEF assessment tool focuses on selecting appropriate pain relief and sedation strategies for the patient but does not directly relate to the weaning process.
B. "Assess, Prevent, and Manage Pain" involves ensuring the patient is comfortable and free from pain, which is important but not specifically related to weaning from the ventilator.
C. "Delirium: Assess, Prevent, and Manage" addresses the cognitive status of the patient, particularly the prevention and management of delirium, which is a critical aspect of care but not directly related to ventilator weaning.
D. "Breathing: Spontaneous Awakening Trials (SAT) and Spontaneous Breathing Trials (SBT)" directly involves the weaning process, as it includes assessing the patient's ability to breathe independently by reducing or removing sedation (SAT) and evaluating their capacity for spontaneous breathing (SBT).
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