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A nurse is reviewing the differences between placenta previa and abruptio placentae with a group of nursing students. Which of the following statements accurately differentiates placenta previa from abruptio placentae?

"Placenta previa usually results in a higher risk of maternal hypertension, while abruptio placentae is commonly associated with a low-risk pregnancy."

"Placenta previa is characterized by sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and uterine tenderness, while abruptio placentae is associated with painless bleeding."

"Placenta previa typically presents with severe pain and contractions, whereas abruptio placentae involves painless bleeding without contractions."

"Placenta previa involves the placenta partially or completely covering the cervix, whereas abruptio placentae involves the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. "Placenta previa usually results in a higher risk of maternal hypertension, while abruptio placentae is commonly associated with a low-risk pregnancy.
This is incorrect because abruptio placentae, not placenta previa, is associated with maternal hypertension (e.g., preeclampsia, chronic hypertension). Placenta previa is not related to blood pressure issues.

B. "Placenta previa is characterized by sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and uterine tenderness, while abruptio placentae is associated with painless bleeding."
This is incorrect because placenta previa presents with painless, bright red vaginal bleeding, while abruptio placentae causes sudden, severe abdominal pain, uterine tenderness, and possibly dark red bleeding.

C. "Placenta previa typically presents with severe pain and contractions, whereas abruptio placentae involves painless bleeding without contractions."
This is incorrect because placenta previa does not cause pain or contractions. In contrast, abruptio placentae often presents with painful contractions and uterine hypertonicity.

D. "Placenta previa involves the placenta partially or completely covering the cervix, whereas abruptio placentae involves the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall."
Placenta previa occurs when the placenta covers the cervix (partial or complete), leading to bleeding. Abruptio placentae occurs when the placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall, which can lead to hemorrhage and fetal distress.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. Slurred speech – Slurred speech may indicate systemic absorption of the epidural medication, leading to toxicity or excessive central nervous system depression, which requires immediate intervention.

B. Respiratory depression – A serious complication of epidural anesthesia is respiratory depression, which may result from excessive medication spread, affecting respiratory function. Immediate intervention is required.

C. Decreased sensation in the lower extremities – This is an expected effect of an epidural and does not necessarily require immediate reporting unless it extends beyond expected levels.

D. Sustained fetal heart rate of 150 bpm – This fetal heart rate is within the normal range (110-160 bpm) and does not indicate distress.

E. Blood pressure 108/62 – While hypotension can be a side effect of epidural anesthesia, this blood pressure is within an acceptable range for many clients and does not require immediate intervention unless the client is symptomatic.

A. During the next attempt to get pregnant B. Immediately after delivery C. During the third trimester of pregnancy D. During the first trimester of pregnancy

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. During the next attempt to get pregnant
This is incorrect because waiting until the next pregnancy increases the risk of congenital rubella syndrome in future pregnancies. The vaccine should be given immediately postpartum to provide immunity.

B. Immediately after delivery
This is correct because the rubella vaccine (MMR) is a live vaccine and is contraindicated during pregnancy due to teratogenic effects. It should be given postpartum before hospital discharge to prevent future rubella infections.

C. During the third trimester of pregnancy
This is incorrect because live vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy due to the risk of fetal infection.

D. During the first trimester of pregnancy
This is incorrect because administering a live vaccine early in pregnancy is dangerous and could cause fetal harm or congenital anomalies.

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A nurse is reviewing the differences between placenta previa and abruptio placentae with a group of nursing students. Which of the following statements accurately differentiates placenta previa from abruptio placentae?

Nursing Test Bank

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