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A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a pregnant client who reports regular use of alcohol.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client may be at risk for polysubstance use disorder? (Select All that Apply)

Being unhoused.

Lack of health insurance.

Anxiety disorder.

Consuming fast food.

10th grade education.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Choice A rationale

Being unhoused can increase stress and instability, potentially leading to polysubstance use as a coping mechanism.

Choice B rationale

Lack of health insurance can limit access to healthcare, making it harder to seek help for substance use disorders and increasing the risk of polysubstance use.

Choice C rationale

Anxiety disorders can lead individuals to self-medicate with multiple substances, increasing the risk of polysubstance use disorder.

Choice D rationale

Consuming fast food is not directly related to polysubstance use disorder.

Choice E rationale

10th-grade education level alone is not a direct indication of polysubstance use disorder.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that is not specific to pregnancy. It is characterized by red, scaly patches and requires medical treatment.

Choice B rationale

Jaundice, indicated by yellowing of the skin and eyes, is a sign of liver dysfunction and is not related to normal pregnancy changes.

Choice C rationale

Erythema toxicum is a common, benign rash that occurs in newborns, not in pregnant women. It appears as red spots with small pustules and resolves on its own.

Choice D rationale

Linea negra is a dark line that appears on the abdomen during pregnancy due to hormonal changes. It is a common finding in the third trimester.

A. Blood is returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system. B. Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries. C. Blood is being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart. D. A right to left shunt is seen between the umbilical arteries.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Blood returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system is consistent with adult circulation, not fetal circulation. In fetal circulation, blood bypasses the lungs via the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale since the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta, not the lungs.

Choice B rationale

Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries. In fetal circulation, deoxygenated blood is carried from the fetus to the placenta through the umbilical arteries. This is consistent with normal fetal circulation as the placenta is responsible for gas exchange.

Choice C rationale

Blood being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart is incorrect. In fetal circulation, there is a right-to-left shunt through the foramen ovale, allowing blood to bypass the non-functioning fetal lungs and go directly into systemic circulation.

Choice D rationale

A right-to-left shunt is not seen between the umbilical arteries. Instead, the shunts in fetal circulation are the ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale, which help reroute blood away from the fetal lungs and liver.

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A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a pregnant client who reports regular use of alcohol. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client may be at risk for polysubstance use disorder? (Select All that Apply)

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

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A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a pregnant client who reports regular use of alcohol.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client may be at risk for polysubstance use disorder? (Select All that Apply)