A nurse is reviewing the morning laboratory results of electrolytes for four clients who are receiving digoxin. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for developing digoxin toxicity?

a. Pleural friction rub: Pleural friction rub is a grating sound heard during inspiration and

expiration and is associated with inflammation of the pleura. It is not typically associated with asthma exacerbation.

b. Fine rales: Fine rales (crackles) are usually heard during inspiration and can be associated with conditions such as pneumonia or pulmonary fibrosis. They are not the typical lung sounds in

asthma exacerbation.

c. Rhonchi: Rhonchi are low-pitched wheezes heard during inspiration and expiration. While they can be associated with asthma, expiratory wheezes are more specific to asthma

exacerbation.

d. Expiratory wheeze: Expiratory wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds heard during

expiration and are characteristic of asthma exacerbation. They result from narrowed airways and increased airway resistance.

a. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Shock is more likely to be associated with decreased bowel sounds rather than hyperactive bowel sounds.

b. Increased urine output: In the early stages of shock, there may be an increase in urine output as the body attempts to compensate. However, as shock progresses, renal perfusion decreases,

leading to decreased urine output.

c. Hypotension: Hypotension is a key indicator of shock. In shock, there is insufficient blood flow to meet the body's oxygen and nutrient needs, resulting in a drop in blood pressure.

d. Bradycardia: Shock typically leads to an increased heart rate (tachycardia) as the body tries to compensate for decreased cardiac output. Bradycardia is not a typical finding in the early stages of shock.