A nurse is reviewing the morning laboratory results of electrolytes for four clients who are receiving digoxin. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for developing digoxin toxicity?

a. Asthma: While asthma can cause dyspnea and fatigue, it is not typically associated with tachycardia and edema.

b. Heart failure: Heart failure is characterized by symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue,

tachycardia, and edema. Tachycardia may be a compensatory response to maintain cardiac output, and edema can result from fluid retention.

c. Aortic valve regurgitation: Aortic valve regurgitation may cause symptoms such as dyspnea and fatigue, but it is not typically associated with tachycardia and edema.

d. Aortic stenosis: Aortic stenosis may lead to symptoms such as dyspnea, but tachycardia and edema are not typical features of aortic stenosis.

a. Battle's sign: Battle's sign is bruising over the mastoid process and is not a direct manifestation of increased intracranial pressure.

b. Nuchal rigidity: Nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) is associated with irritation of the meninges and is not a specific sign of increased intracranial pressure.

c. Lethargy: Lethargy or altered level of consciousness is a common manifestation of increased intracranial pressure. It can range from mild drowsiness to severe impairment of consciousness.

d. Polyuria: Polyuria is not a typical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure. Increased urine output may be associated with other conditions, such as diabetes or diuretic use.