A nurse is teaching a community group about HIV subtypes. Which statement about HIV-1 and HIV-2 is correct?

Choice A rationale:

The asymptomatic stage is characterized by no symptoms or mild symptoms. Many individuals with HIV may not be aware of their infection during this stage as they may not experience any obvious signs of illness.

Choice B rationale:

This statement is incorrect. The asymptomatic stage may see relatively stable CD4 counts and viral loads, rather than a gradual decline in CD4 count and a gradual increase in viral load.

Choice C rationale:

During the asymptomatic stage, the viral load may remain at detectable levels, but the individual may not have any symptoms. Regular HIV testing is crucial to detect the infection during this stage.

Choice D rationale:

Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) or seroconversion illness occurs during the acute primary infection, not the asymptomatic stage.

Choice E rationale:

Without treatment, the asymptomatic stage can last for up to 10-15 years. However, the duration can vary widely from person to person.

Choice A rationale:

Consistent and correct use of condoms is an essential biomedical intervention for HIV prevention. When used consistently and properly, condoms act as a barrier to prevent the transmission of HIV during sexual intercourse.

Choice B rationale:

Abstinence from sexual activity is an important behavioral approach to prevent HIV transmission. However, the question specifically asks for biomedical interventions, which involve the use of medical or pharmaceutical methods.

Choice C rationale:

Sharing injection equipment with trusted partners is a risky behavior that can lead to HIV transmission. It is not a biomedical intervention but rather an unsafe practice.

Choice D rationale:

Taking Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective biomedical intervention for HIV prevention. PrEP involves taking antiretroviral medications before potential exposure to HIV to reduce the risk of infection in high-risk individuals.