A nurse is teaching the patient with mitral valve problems about the valves of the heart. Starting on the right side of the heart, describe the sequence of blood flow through these valves. 1. Mitral; 2. Aortic; 3. Tricuspid; 4. Pulmonic

4,3,2,1

1,3, 2,4

3,4, 1,2

2,4, 1,3

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. 4, 3, 2, 1 (Pulmonic → Tricuspid → Aortic → Mitral): This sequence incorrectly places the pulmonic valve first instead of the tricuspid.

B. 1, 3, 2, 4 (Mitral → Tricuspid → Aortic → Pulmonic): This sequence incorrectly starts with the mitral valve (left side of the heart), instead of the tricuspid (right side of the heart).

C. 3, 4, 1, 2 (Tricuspid → Pulmonic → Mitral → Aortic): Blood flow through heart valves follows this order:

Tricuspid Valve (Right atrium → Right ventricle)
Pulmonic Valve (Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs)
Mitral Valve (Left atrium → Left ventricle)
Aortic Valve (Left ventricle → Aorta → Body)

D. 2, 4, 1, 3 (Aortic → Pulmonic → Mitral → Tricuspid): This sequence incorrectly places the aortic valve first, which is incorrect for blood flow through the heart.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

A. Nonproductive cough: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine, not a cough suppressant. It does not cause a nonproductive cough as a side effect.

B. Drowsiness: First-generation antihistamines (like diphenhydramine) cause CNS depression, leading to drowsiness.

C. Urinary retention: Diphenhydramine has anticholinergic effects, which can lead to urinary retention, especially in older adults or those with prostate issues.

D. Dry mouth: Diphenhydramine blocks muscarinic receptors, reducing saliva production and causing dry mouth.

E. Skin rash: Skin rash is not a common adverse effect of diphenhydramine but can be a sign of an allergic reaction.

A. Hold the hands higher than the elbows. B. Rub hands and arms to dry. C. Apply 4 to 5 mL of liquid soap to the hands. D. Adjust the water temperature to feel hot.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hold the hands higher than the elbows. Hands should be held lower than the elbows to allow water to flow from the fingertips downward, preventing contamination of clean areas by dirty water.

B. Rub hands and arms to dry. Hands should be dried by patting rather than rubbing to prevent skin irritation. Also, drying should focus on the hands first, then the wrists, and then the forearms to avoid recontamination.

C. Apply 4 to 5 mL of liquid soap to the hands. The recommended amount of liquid soap is 3 to 5 mL to effectively remove microorganisms. Using too little may not clean adequately, and using too much can make rinsing difficult.

D. Adjust the water temperature to feel hot. Water should be warm, not hot, to prevent skin irritation and dryness. Hot water can damage the skin’s natural protective barrier, increasing susceptibility to infection.

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A nurse is teaching the patient with mitral valve problems about the valves of the heart. Starting on the right side of the heart, describe the sequence of blood flow through these valves. 1. Mitral; 2. Aortic; 3. Tricuspid; 4. Pulmonic

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diphenhydramine for allergic rhinitis. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to perform hand hygiene. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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