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A nurse is teaching the patient with mitral valve problems about the valves of the heart. Starting on the right side of the heart, describe the sequence of blood flow through these valves. 1. Mitral; 2. Aortic; 3. Tricuspid; 4. Pulmonic

A.

4,3,2,1

B.

1,3, 2,4

C.

3,4, 1,2

D.

2,4, 1,3

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. 4, 3, 2, 1 (Pulmonic → Tricuspid → Aortic → Mitral): This sequence incorrectly places the pulmonic valve first instead of the tricuspid.

B. 1, 3, 2, 4 (Mitral → Tricuspid → Aortic → Pulmonic): This sequence incorrectly starts with the mitral valve (left side of the heart), instead of the tricuspid (right side of the heart).

C. 3, 4, 1, 2 (Tricuspid → Pulmonic → Mitral → Aortic): Blood flow through heart valves follows this order:

  1. Tricuspid Valve (Right atrium → Right ventricle)
  2. Pulmonic Valve (Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs)
  3. Mitral Valve (Left atrium → Left ventricle)
  4. Aortic Valve (Left ventricle → Aorta → Body)

D. 2, 4, 1, 3 (Aortic → Pulmonic → Mitral → Tricuspid): This sequence incorrectly places the aortic valve first, which is incorrect for blood flow through the heart.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I will treat all the family members to be on the safe side." Treatment is only recommended for individuals who have active lice or close, prolonged contact with the infected child. Treating everyone unnecessarily may lead to overuse of medications.

B. "My child must be free from nits before returning to school." The CDC and AAP do not recommend "no-nit" policies, as nits alone do not indicate active infestation. Children can return to school after appropriate treatment begins.

C. "Toys that can't be dry cleaned or washed must be thrown out." Non-washable items should be sealed in a plastic bag for 2 weeks to kill lice, rather than being thrown away.

D. "All recently used clothing, bedding, and towels must be washed in hot water." Lice and nits can survive on fabric surfaces, so washing clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥130°F/54°C) and drying on high heat is recommended to eliminate them.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hold her breath for at least 10 seconds. Diaphragmatic breathing focuses on slow, deep breaths to promote lung expansion and oxygenation. Holding the breath is not part of this technique and may increase discomfort.

B. Place her hands on the sides of her rib cage. While hand placement is encouraged, the correct position is on the abdomen (below the rib cage), not the sides. This helps the client feel the diaphragm expanding.

C. Exhale forcefully through the nose. Exhalation should be slow and controlled through the mouth, not forceful through the nose, to prevent airway irritation.

D. Inhale slowly and evenly through her nose. The correct technique for diaphragmatic breathing is to inhale deeply through the nose while the abdomen expands. This promotes lung expansion and prevents atelectasis postoperatively.

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