A nurse is teaching the patient with mitral valve problems about the valves of the heart. Starting on the right side of the heart, describe the sequence of blood flow through these valves. 1. Mitral; 2. Aortic; 3. Tricuspid; 4. Pulmonic
4,3,2,1
1,3, 2,4
3,4, 1,2
2,4, 1,3
The Correct Answer is C
A. 4, 3, 2, 1 (Pulmonic → Tricuspid → Aortic → Mitral): This sequence incorrectly places the pulmonic valve first instead of the tricuspid.
B. 1, 3, 2, 4 (Mitral → Tricuspid → Aortic → Pulmonic): This sequence incorrectly starts with the mitral valve (left side of the heart), instead of the tricuspid (right side of the heart).
C. 3, 4, 1, 2 (Tricuspid → Pulmonic → Mitral → Aortic): Blood flow through heart valves follows this order:
- Tricuspid Valve (Right atrium → Right ventricle)
- Pulmonic Valve (Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs)
- Mitral Valve (Left atrium → Left ventricle)
- Aortic Valve (Left ventricle → Aorta → Body)
D. 2, 4, 1, 3 (Aortic → Pulmonic → Mitral → Tricuspid): This sequence incorrectly places the aortic valve first, which is incorrect for blood flow through the heart.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Utilizing evidence-based practice based on nurses' needs: Professional standards focus on patient-centered care, not the nurse's needs. Evidence-based practice should prioritize patient safety and effectiveness.
B. Establishes minimal passing standards for testing: While professional standards guide nursing education and testing, their primary role is to guide clinical decision-making for patient care.
C. Uses critical thinking for the highest level of quality nursing care: Professional standards provide guidelines for best practices, ensuring nurses apply critical thinking and clinical judgment to improve patient outcomes.
D. Bypasses the patient's feelings to promote ethical standards: Ethical nursing practice includes patient advocacy, not bypassing patient emotions or concerns.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Pleural effusion: A pleural effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space and is not directly related to atelectasis. Atelectasis is alveolar collapse and does not cause fluid buildup.
B. Hypoxemia: Atelectasis impairs gas exchange, leading to decreased oxygen levels (hypoxemia) due to collapsed alveoli. This is a hallmark finding.
C. Dysphagia: Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is not a direct symptom of atelectasis. It may be seen in stroke or esophageal disorders.
D. Apnea: Apnea (cessation of breathing) is not a typical sign of atelectasis. Atelectasis causes shallow breathing, dyspnea, and hypoxia rather than complete cessation.
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