A nurse is working in a clinical research trial that has a control group and an experimental group but does not know which group is receiving the active drug. Which statement best identifies the research design?

A. Molecular weight: Drugs with lower molecular weight tend to have higher bioavailability because they can more easily pass through biological membranes.

B. Fat or liquid solubility: Drugs that are fat-soluble can cross cell membranes more easily, affecting their bioavailability. Water-soluble drugs may require transport mechanisms, which can limit absorption.

C. Depth of breathing: The depth of breathing primarily affects the absorption of inhaled drugs, not the general bioavailability of orally or intravenously administered medications.

D. Development of a fever: While fever can affect drug metabolism, it doesn’t directly influence the bioavailability of a drug.

E. Presence of food: Food in the stomach can either enhance or inhibit drug absorption, depending on the drug’s characteristics. This directly impacts bioavailability.

A. “You can receive the drug in a clinical trial.” Clinical trials offer patients access to new treatments that are not yet widely available. This is a valid option for patients seeking treatments not yet approved by the FDA.

B. “I understand your frustration, have you thought of traveling to another country for the medication.” This is not an appropriate response. It doesn't provide information on the FDA approval process and may suggest that the patient should bypass U.S. regulations.

C. “Have you considered using herbal remedies.” While herbal remedies may offer some benefits, they are not a substitute for FDA-approved treatments, especially for a condition as serious as metastatic cancer.

D. “The FDA requires drugs to be scientifically researched and this can take up to 8 years.” This is accurate information. The FDA's approval process is rigorous and includes multiple phases of research to ensure a drug's safety and efficacy.