A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?

A preschool-age child who has pediculosis capitis

A school-age child who has viral conjunctivitis

An adolescent who has hepatitis A

A toddler who has seasonal influenza

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Pediculosis capitis, also known as head lice, is transmitted through direct head-to-head contact or by sharing personal items such as hats or combs. It is not transmitted via respiratory droplets, so droplet precautions are not required. Standard precautions for lice, such as treating the infestation and avoiding close contact, are appropriate.
B.   Viral conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is primarily spread through direct contact with the eye secretions or contaminated objects. While viral conjunctivitis can be spread via contact, it does not require droplet precautions. Instead, proper hand hygiene and contact precautions are important to prevent the spread of the infection.
C.   Hepatitis A is transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route and not through respiratory droplets. Therefore, droplet precautions are not necessary. Standard precautions, including proper hand hygiene and safe food handling, are important for preventing the spread of hepatitis A.
D.   Seasonal influenza (flu) is transmitted via respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Droplet precautions are recommended for individuals with influenza to prevent the spread of the virus. This includes wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining distance from others.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Crying is a common response to post-operative pain. While it should be addressed, it's not the most critical concern.
B. Adequate hydration is essential, but it's not as critical as the risk of hemorrhage.
C. Pain management is crucial, but it's not the most immediate concern.
D. Frequent swallowing is a classic sign of postoperative hemorrhage. It indicates the child is trying to clear blood from the throat. This is the priority assessment finding and requires immediate intervention.

A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) B. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) C. C-reactive protein (CRP) D. Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer E. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. BUN is primarily used to assess kidney function. While it can be elevated in some inflammatory conditions, it's not a specific marker for rheumatic fever.
B. PTT measures the time it takes for blood to clot. It's used to evaluate bleeding disorders, not inflammatory conditions like rheumatic fever.

C. CRP is a sensitive marker of inflammation. It is often elevated in rheumatic fever due to the inflammatory response.
D. ASO titer is a specific antibody against group A Streptococcus, the bacteria that often precedes rheumatic fever. Elevated ASO titers support the diagnosis.
E. ESR is another non-specific marker of inflammation. It is often elevated in rheumatic fever.

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A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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